Papers - ISHIGAKI Genki
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Agronomic performance, biomass production, and nutrient value of three napier grass cultivars (Pennisetum purpureum) in highland area Reviewed International coauthorship
Sidik Prasojo Y., Pastawan V., Prasetyo B., Kamal M., Khoirul Anwar M., Prastyo R.A., Iqbal Faruqi M., Ishigaki G.
BIO Web of Conferences 155 2025.1
Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：BIO Web of Conferences
The study aims to determine the agronomic performance, biomass production, and nutrient value of three Pennisetum purpureum cultivar (Biovitas, Pakchong, and Mott) in 1000 meters above sea level (asl) highland area of Petungkriyono, Pekalongan, Central Java, Indonesia. The grasses were planted using vegetative stems and maintained for four months, following completely randomized design (CRD) with four replications for each cultivar. Agronomic performance was assessed before harvested. Napier grass was harvested to investigate the biomass production and nutrient values, including organic matter, crude protein, crude protein yield, crude fibre, and crude fat. Pakchong had the highest biomass and crude fiber content. Biovitas exhibited the highest agronomic performance, with superior plant height, leaf length, leaf width, and stem diameter, as well as the highest nutrient values in term of organic metters. Mott showed the highest tiller number and crude protein content among the cultivars. The distinct strength of each cultivar indicates their potential suitability for various agricultural applications in highland regions.
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Effect of yellow light irradiation on the growth of Maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) Reviewed
Ishigaki Genki, Adachi Tetsuya
Japanese Journal of Grassland Science 70 ( 4 ) 180 - 184 2025.1
Authorship：Lead author, Corresponding author Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Japanese Society of Grassland Science
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Ishigaki G., Niimi M., Shigedomi H., Sasaki Y., Idota S., Ishii Y.
Grassland Research 3 ( 4 ) 364 - 372 2024.12
Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Grassland Research
Background: Pearl millet is characterized by its high dry matter (DM) yields with a high moisture content, which makes it difficult to process as silage. Methods: Pearl millet was sown in mid-September for 3 years to examine its growth, DM yields in early December, and decrease in DM percentage after frost exposure. The crop was processed as round-bale silage to assess silage quality and preference by breeding beef cattle. Results: Plants reached a height of 160–200 cm, with heading tiller percentages of 50%–70% in early December. With frost exposure, DM percentage increased in leaves and panicles, followed by stems, reaching over 40%, 1 month after exposure. These increases were positively correlated with cumulative frost exposure. After frost exposure, in vitro DM digestibility and crude protein content declined while acid detergent fiber content increased. Repeated cafeteria feeding experiments showed a reduced preference for either pearl millet silage or Italian ryegrass hay. The silage showed moderate acidity at pH 4.73–5.40, with lactic acid at 0.58%–1.62% DM, acetic acid at 0.03%–0.10% DM, and negligible butyric acid, indicating a satisfactory quality. Conclusions: In Southern Kyushu, pearl millet sown in late summer can be processed into low-moisture round-bale silage in January, the year following sowing.
DOI： 10.1002/glr2.12096
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Niimi M., Kurata M., Ishigaki G., Ishii Y.
OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences 25 ( 1 ) 125 - 133 2024
Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences
Underutilization of bamboo contributes to the degradation of woody environments in southern Kyushu, Japan. A novel approach to using bamboo involves processing it to finely ground silage, although this product has shown inferior digestibility and palatability compared to traditional forage crops. This study evaluated the chemical composition, fermentation quality, and aerobic stability of silages produced from Italian ryegrass, maize, and Rhodes grass mixed with 10% (v/v) bamboo silage, ensiled for 30-40 days. One-day wilted first-cut Italian ryegrass and Rhodes grass and direct-cut maize were finely chopped, mixed with bamboo silage at a 9:1 volume ratio, and vacuum-sealed in polyethylene bags, with control silages produced without bamboo addition. Digestibility tended to decrease in bamboo-mixed maize and Rhodes grass silages. The addition of bamboo silage resulted in a significant decrease (p<0.05) in pH by 0.45 in Italian ryegrass, a trend toward lower pH in Rhodes grass, and a tendency for pH to increase in maize. Fermentation quality was improved by the addition of bamboo silage in Italian ryegrass and Rhodes grass, with significant increases (p<0.05) in contents of lactic acid by 2.91% Dry Matter (DM) and acetic acid by 1.03% DM, respectively, contrasting with a trend toward reduced lactic acid content in maize. Aerobic stability, measured as the time to reach a temperature increase of >2°C above ambient, was highest in Italian ryegrass silage with bamboo, which maintained stability for more than 6 days after air exposure, compared to significant temperature rises detected at 15 and 29 h in maize and Rhodes grass silages, respectively. Fermentation quality, including pH, lactic acid, and acetic acid contents, was maintained in Italian ryegrass silage mixed with bamboo for a week after air exposure, while rapid deterioration was observed in maize and Italian ryegrass silages with and without bamboo silage addition. It is concluded that wilted Italian ryegrass mixed with 10% bamboo silage may enhance the handling efficiency of silage after opening silos in early June for the site in southern Kyushu, Japan.
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Tiller Number and Flowering Ability on BC1F1 Progeny of Interspecific Hybridization in Ruzigrass (Urochloa ruziziensis) Reviewed International coauthorship
Sidik Prasojo Y., Nitthaisong P., Muguerza M., Kamphayae S., Umami N., Ishigaki G.
BIO Web of Conferences 80 2023.12
Authorship：Last author Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：BIO Web of Conferences
The objective of this study focusing on production BC1F1 progeny of interspecific hybridization in ruzigrass (Urochloa ruziziensis) were to evaluate potential of pentaploid BC1F1 hybrid for seed propagation by associating with their tiller number, flowering, and shattering ability. In addition, we evaluate the function of various nitrogen dose on vegetative stages. Eight different genotypes were examined: B. ruziziensis 'Kennedy', B. decumbens 'Basilisk', pentaploid BC1F1 line derived from B. ruziziensis and Mulato (RM), pentaploid BC1F1 line derived from diploid B. ruziziensis and tetraploid B. ruziziensis (RR), and pentaploid BC1F1 lines derived from B. ruziziensis and B. decumbens (RD 1-4). The experimental plants treated with three level of nitrogen fertilizer (0, 4, and 8 kg/10a). Compared with parental line, RM line had high tiller number along with increasing level of nitrogen. For the flowering and shattering ability, the first lines to flowered and shattered was the pentaploid BC1F1 (RD 1-4), RR, and B. decumbens. Pentaploid BC1F1 lines derived from B. ruziziensis and B. decumbens (RD 1-4) had potential for seed propagation by associating with their flowering and shattering ability, while pentaploid BC1F1 line derived from B. ruziziensis and Mulato (RM) had the potential biomass production and yield ability by associating with its tiller number production.
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The effects of the different sowing methods and planting density on the yield components of soybean (Glycine max) under intercropping condition with rhodes grass (Chloris gayana Kunth.) Reviewed International coauthorship
Prasojo Y.S., Niimi M., Hashiguchi M., Muguerza M., Ishigaki G.
Australian Journal of Crop Science 17 ( 10 ) 770 - 775 2023.10
Authorship：Corresponding author Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Australian Journal of Crop Science
In Japan, grass-legume intercropping systems are being developed to increase quality and yield of grain and forage. Hence, this study evaluated the effects of sowing methods and planting density on yield traits of forage soybean under intercropping condition with rhodes grass. The field experiment was laid on in a completely randomized block design with four treatments and four replications. Rhodes grass seeds were sown at 2.8 kg/10a in a field containing mono- and intercropping-plots. For soybeans, two levels of sowing densities (about 15 or 30 seeds/m2: named “L” and “H”) and two sowing methods (row or spray: named “R” and “S”) were applied for a total of four different intercropping combinations. Rhodes grass DMY obtained the highest in low level of sowing density with rowing methods (LR) (338 kg/10a) while soybean DMY obtained the highest in high level of sowing density with rowing methods (HR) (251 kg/10a) and in high level of sowing density with spray methods (HS) (177 kg/10a). Intercropping at low density increased CP (12%) and CPY (40.4 kg DM/10a) in Rhodes grass, and CP (18.9%) in soybeans, whereas high sowing density increased soybean CPY in HR (41.5 kg DM/10a) and contributed to higher soybean CPY in DM percentage at 66% (HS) and 56% (HR). Overall, high density sowing increased the 1st total DMY while row sowing increased the 1st total CPY in both crops at the first cutting, while monocropping increased Rhodes grass yield and plant length at the second-cutting. Also, sowing soybean by a broadcast spreader could obtain sufficient crude protein yield as a forage soybean in southern Kyushu, Japan. Further studies are needed for soybean overseeding method and use of early-maturity soybean lines.
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Crude Protein Content Estimation of Rhodes Grass Using Vegetation Indices Calculated by the Spectral Reflectance Reviewed
Arai Masakazu, Nakamura Keishiro, Ishigaki Genki
Japanese Journal of Grassland Science 69 ( 1 ) 23 - 26 2023.4
Authorship：Last author Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Japanese Society of Grassland Science
DOI： 10.14941/grass.69.23
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Honda N., Ishigaki G.
Australian Journal of Crop Science 17 ( 2 ) 240 - 243 2023.2
Authorship：Corresponding author Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Australian Journal of Crop Science
This study aimed to clarify the effect of water priming on the seed moisture and the rooting rate of soybean *Glycine max (L.) Merr.+ ‘Fukuyutaka’ for developing a cultivation method, where soybean seeds can directly be sown on the meadow or grassland for livestock production. The weight of each soybean seed was measured before and after they were subjected to: no treatment (control), and, two kinds of priming treatments, soaking (2 and 4 h), and moisture absorption (3, 12, and 24 h). The weight of seeds was additionally measured after keeping them at a specified temperature (28–30°C) and humidity (58–60%) for 4 h, 1, 2, and 3 days. The moisture content of soybean seeds was calculated based on their weights pre and post-treatment. The rooting rate of the seeds was investigated after each priming (control, soaking, and moisture absorption), 48 h of standing and irrigation treatment. The seed moisture content of soybean seeds increased immediately after priming (soaking or moisture absorption treatment), however, after standing, the moisture content in both treatments deceased to the same level as that of control. The rooting rate in both priming pre-treatments was similar to or lower than that in control, indicating that neither soaking nor moisture absorption of soybean seeds had a keeping moisture content of seeds for long time which promoting effect on rooting of soybean under dry condition on meadow or grassland.
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Tissue Culture and Somatic Embryogenesis in Warm-Season Grasses—Current Status and Its Applications: A Review Reviewed International coauthorship
Muguerza M.B., Gondo T., Ishigaki G., Shimamoto Y., Umami N., Nitthaisong P., Rahman M.M., Akashi R.
Plants 11 ( 9 ) 2022.5
Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Plants
Warm-season grasses are C4 plants and have a high capacity for biomass productivity. These grasses are utilized in many agricultural production systems with their greatest value as feeds for livestock, bioethanol, and turf. However, many important warm-season perennial grasses mul-tiply either by vegetative propagation or form their seeds by an asexual mode of reproduction called apomixis. Therefore, the improvement of these grasses by conventional breeding is difficult and is dependent on the availability of natural genetic variation and its manipulation through breeding and selection. Recent studies have indicated that plant tissue culture system through somatic em-bryogenesis complements and could further develop conventional breeding programs by micro-propagation, somaclonal variation, somatic hybridization, genetic transformation, and genome ed-iting. This review summarizes the tissue culture and somatic embryogenesis in warm-season grasses and focus on current status and above applications including the author’s progress.
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Investigation on Spraying Percentage of Droplets at Leaves and Ears using Several Pesticide Spraying Methods in Several Growth Stages of Maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) Reviewed
Ishigaki Genki, Idota Sachiko, Ishii Yasuyuki
Japanese Journal of Grassland Science 67 ( 4 ) 183 - 188 2022.4
Authorship：Lead author Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Japanese Society of Grassland Science
To clarify a basic knowledge on pesticide application methods against fall armyworm (<i>Spodoptera frugiperda</i>), we investigated the spraying percentage of droplets on leaves and ears covered by water-sensitive paper using several pesticide-spraying methods, including tractor-mounted boom sprayers, handheld electrostatic sprayer, and drone-spraying at various growth stages of maize (<i>Zea mays</i>). In boom spraying methods, the spraying percentages of droplets under the sprayed rate of 200 L per 10 a at the 1st-2nd leaf stage was over than 98％. In the case of 100 L per 10 a at the 5-6th leaf stage, they were less than 50％. For the tractor-mounted boom sprayer, spraying percentages of droplets at the top- and middle-leaves in the 9-10th leaves stage were lower than those at the lower-leaves. On the other hand, the electrostatic sprayer exhibited the opposite results. In drone-spraying at the dough-ripe maize, they were obtained more than 60％ in base and middle part of upper- and middle-leaves under the amount of 100 L per 10 a. These results elucidate important information that contributes to our basic knowledge on the selection of pesticide application methods against fall armyworm. It will be necessary to clarify the relationship between the spraying percentage of droplets and the control/exterminating effect.
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EFFECT OF SOYBEAN (GLYCINE MAX L. MERR) INTERCROPPING INTO RHODESGRASS (CHLORIS GAYANA KUNTH.) ON DRY MATTER YIELD, CRUDE PROTEIN, AND SILAGE CHARACTERISTICS GROWN IN SOUTHWEST JAPAN Reviewed International coauthorship
Prasojo Y.S., Niimi M., Rahman M.M., Ishigaki G., Akashi R.
Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences 32 ( 2 ) 460 - 465 2022.4
Authorship：Corresponding author Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences
This study aimed to investigate the quantify yield and silage quality response of forage soybean ( Glycine max L. Merr) intercropping into rhodesgrass ( Chloris gayana Kunth.) cultivation compare to monoculture rhodesgrass in warm temperate zone. Rhodesgrass and soybean were intercropped in 2017 and 2018 at Sumiyoshi Livestock Science Station, University of Miyazaki in southwest Japan. As the results, there were no differences between the height of monocultured rhodesgrass (MC) and intercropped rhodesgrass (IC). Height of soybean was less than rhodesgrass. Dry matter yield (DMY) was not significantly different between MC and IC in both years. For soybean ratio of intercropped total yield, the two-years-average was 18.3%. The lower soybean ratio of intercropped total yield in 2018 (13.3%) than those in 2017 (30.8%) seems to be caused by the larger rhodesgrass DMY. Crude protein (CP) content of IC (11.0%) was not significantly higher than that of MC (10.6%). There was no significant difference of CP yield between MC (28.3 kg/10 a) and IC (22.3 kg/10 a). All silages produced in this two-year experiment had only trace amounts of organic acids and volatile basic nitrogen regardless of the presence of soybean. In conclusion, the existence of soybean did not affect the silage quality. Early growth type soybean cultivar, appreciate harvesting time and fertilizer improvement might be increase DMY and CP with soybean intercropping.
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A review of okara (soybean curd residue) utilization as animal feed: Nutritive value and animal performance aspects Reviewed International coauthorship
Rahman M.M., Mat K., Ishigaki G., Akashi R.
Animal science journal = Nihon chikusan Gakkaiho 92 ( 1 ) 2021.12
Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Animal science journal = Nihon chikusan Gakkaiho
Year by year, huge quantities of by-products are generated during the manufacturing process of soybean-based products. Okara is one of the by-products, and it is an insoluble portion of the soybean. It consists of high moisture (8.4-22.9%); on dry matter basis, it contains high metabolizable energy (9.0-14.2 MJ/kg) and other components that include crude protein (20.9-39.1%), crude fiber (12.2-61.3%), crude fat (4.9-21.5%), and ash (3.4-5.3%). Fermentation of okara improves its nutritional quality and reduces its anti-nutrient contents. Due to animals' palatability, okara can be used to replace the soybean meal/concentrate feed partially or completely in ruminant's diet and partially in nonruminant's diet. Okara feeding does not depress the intake, digestibility, growth, milk production, blood metabolic profiles, and meat quality of animals. However, this by-product decays quickly due to its high moisture content, and its heavy weight and sticky nature make it difficult to process and expensive to dry using conventional methods. This paper thoroughly summarizes the utilization of okara as animal feed in the cause of developing a general guideline with favorable levels of inclusion in the diets of animals for its exploitation and valorization. This review will encourage further research to develop eco-friendly and value added feed for animals.
DOI： 10.1111/asj.13594
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Forage-Yield Estimation Using LiDAR and a Drone Reviewed
49 ( 10 ) 580 - 584 2021.10
Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)
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Evaluation of corn-soybean inter-cropping systems in southwestern Japan Reviewed International coauthorship
AHMAD SEYAR AZIZI, IKUO KOBAYASHI, JONATHAN CHUUKA, GENKI ISHIGAKI
Tropical Grasslands-Forrajes Tropicales 9 ( 3 ) 307 - 314 2021.9
Authorship：Corresponding author Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)
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Effect of different growth stages on biomass weight and forage quality of different growth type soybean (Glycine max) Reviewed International coauthorship
Prasojo Y.S., Ishigaki G., Hashiguchi M., Akashi R.
Asian Journal of Plant Sciences 20 ( 2 ) 256 - 262 2021
Authorship：Corresponding author Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Asian Journal of Plant Sciences
Background and Objective: The dry matter yield, fiber content, crude protein content and crude protein yield should depend on the cutting stage of each different soybean cultivars. This study aimed to clarify the effect of different growth stages on biomass weight and forage quality of different growth type soybean (Glycine max) in temperate low warm region, Japan. Materials and Methods: Determinate growth (DET) soybeans (Fukuyutaka, Norin 2), Indeterminate growth (IND) soybeans (Moshidou Gong 503, Williams 82) and an unknown growing type soybean (Kohamadaizu) were sowed in the beginning of June 2019 and harvested at three stages (R1, beginning of flowering stage, R2, full flowering stage, R5, beginning of seed development). The study was conducted as a randomized complete block design with three replications. Results: Fukuyutaka, Kohamadaizu and Norin 2 were reached flowering stage later than Moshidou Gong 503 and Williams 82. Longer time for growth stages of Fukuyutaka, Kohamadaizu and Norin 2 was resulting in high plant height, stem diameter, number of branches, number of leaves and dry matter weight. The amount of fiber content (ADF and NDF) was decreasing as stages developed for Fukuyutaka, Kohamadaizu and Norin 2. In another hand, fiber content of Moshidou Gong 503 and Williams 82 was increased as stages increasing. The CP weight was increased as advancing growth stages for all cultivars. Conclusion: Fukuyutaka and Kohamadaizu could be suitable in the utilization of soybean forage for feed livestock in the temperate low warm region in Japan.
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Evaluation of regrowth ability of soybeans for forage utilization under two-cutting systems Reviewed
Prasojo Y.S., Ishigaki G., Hashiguchi M., Muguerza M., Akashi R.
Australian Journal of Crop Science 15 ( 12 ) 1452 - 1458 2021
Authorship：Corresponding author Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Australian Journal of Crop Science
Soybean (Glycine max) has the potential as forage feed because of its high protein content and low fiber. Intercropping soybean with tropical forage grasses can improve forage quality and increase yield. However, their optimum cutting interval under mixed cropping system is still unknown. This study aimed to investigate regrowth ability and performance of soybean plant under two different cutting heights in Miyazaki, Southwestern of Japan, which has a humid subtropical climate with relatively high temperature and evenly distributed precipitation throughout the year. The experimental design was randomized block design arrange in 3 × 2 factorial scheme (soybean cultivars × cutting treatments). Three soybean accessions (Glycine max ‘Fukuyutaka’, G. max ‘Kohamdaizu’ and G. gracilis ‘Moshidou Gong 503’) with 5 replications were cultivated under single seeding condition. Soybeans were defoliated after 50 d of cultivation under low level cutting height (LC, 7.5 cm) and high level cutting height (HC, 12 cm). ‘Fukuyutaka’ achieved 100% regrowth rate in both LC and HC. Although the regrowth rate for ‘Kohamadaizu’ was 100% in the HC, it was only 20% in LC. ‘Fukuyutaka’ was more robust and high tolerant for defoliation stress than that of ‘Kohamadaizu. In other hand, no plants exhibited regrowth in both cutting heights for ‘Moshidou Gong 503’. For ‘Fukuyutaka’ and ‘Kohamadaizu’, the number of branching nodes with re-emergent leaves was significantly higher in the HC. In both cutting height of ‘Fukuyutaka’, plant continued elongating and exhibited vigorous growth until 2nd cutting. The cutting height levels, height of cotyledonary node and growth stage of soybean plant when harvested at the 1stcutting significantly affected the regrowth ability of soybeans. In conclusion, ‘Fukuyutaka’ showed the ability for regrowth under LC and HC. HC provided significantly higher fresh matter and dry matter weight than that LC. Further study is needed to evaluate the performance of ‘Fukuyutaka’ under intercropping cultivation with tropical forage grasses. This is the first report to establish an approach for two-cutting soybean as forage
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Sakakura M., Kita N., Ishigaki G., Arai M.
26th Microoptics Conference, MOC 2021 2021
Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：26th Microoptics Conference, MOC 2021
We investigated the correlation among the crude protein content of grass, the vegetation index and fluorescence intensity for non-destructive nutrient estimation in farm land. Vegetation index image was measured through optical band pass filter under sunlight. Fluorescence was measured under blue LED irradiation. We confirmed high correlation to crude protein content.
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Replacement of soybean meal with levels of inclusion of soya waste in the diet of growing goats Reviewed
Rahman M.M., Abdullah R.B., Mat K.B., Ishigaki G., Nor M.M., Akashi R.
Tropical Animal Health and Production 52 ( 6 ) 3085 - 3090 2020.11
Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Tropical Animal Health and Production
© 2020, Springer Nature B.V. An experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of replacing soybean meal with soya waste at different levels on intake, digestibility and growth in goats. Eighteen male goat kids with initial body weight (BW) of 13.0 kg were distributed equally to three dietary groups. They were fed Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum) and concentrate mixture, and each goat was assigned to an individual pen. Soybean meal in the concentrate mixture was replaced with soya waste at 0% (T1), 50% (T2) and 100% (T3) levels in respective dietary groups. These diets were isocaloric and isonitrogenous. Results showed that animals fed T3 diet exhibited higher Napier grass intake than those fed T1 or T2 diet. There was no influence on total intakes of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), metabolic BW, per cent BW and metabolisable energy by the dietary groups. However, there was an increasing trend on intake and digestibility of neutral detergent fibre (NDF) with increasing levels of soya waste in the diets. Animals fed T3 diet showed higher intake and digestibility of NDF than those fed T1 diet. There was no influence of the dietary groups on digestibilities of DM, OM and CP. Similarly, there was no effect of them on the final BW, total BW gain, daily BW gain, feed conversion ratio and feed cost. Soya waste can replace 100% soybean meal in diets for growing goats, because no change was observed in nutrient intake, digestibility and growth performance; inclusion of soya waste enhanced the intake and digestibility of NDF.
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Puspasari R., Hashiguchi M., Ushio R., Ishigaki G., Tanaka H., Akashi R.
Plant and Soil 2020.1
Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Plant and Soil
© 2019, Springer Nature Switzerland AG. Aim: “Super-Root” (SR) is a fast-growing root culture established in the legume forage species Lotus corniculatus that displays vigorous growth and high embryogenic capacity, uniquely allowing for continuous root cloning, direct somatic embryogenesis, and mass regeneration of plants under hormone-free culture conditions. This study’s primary aim was to verify the possibility of introducing the SR trait to another legume species as a means of enhancing root traits. Our previous research produced a F1-generation hybrid between the colchicine-doubled form of the diploid Lotus japonicus ‘Miyakojima’ MG-20 and SR-derived Lotus corniculatus. The current study’s focus was to evaluate the root phenotype of the F2-generation to confirm the introduction of SR characteristics to Lotus japonicus. Methods: We assessed 242 rooted F2-hybrid progeny using cluster analysis, concentrating on four morphological root traits: root fresh weight, total root length, maximum root length, and root diameter. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used to determine the correlations among eight traits of the F2-progeny of the WinRhizo root morphological measurement data and to identify what traits contributed most to their root variation. Results: The 242-hybrid progeny and both parents were grouped into eight different clusters using a similarity phenogram. One cluster consisted of lines 36, 82, 86 and 184 that considerably exceeded the RFW, TRL, and MRL values of the L. japonicus and SR parents. Conclusion: The results confirmed the introduction of SR traits to the F2-hybrid progeny and identified potential candidates for breeding and gene isolation that will be conducted to expand the scope of this research.
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モンモリロナイトの表面散布による牛および豚排せつ物由来の数種臭気原因物質の低減効果 Reviewed
石垣 元気, 小林 郁雄
日本暖地畜産学会報 63 ( 1 ) 13 - 16 2020
Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：日本暖地畜産学会
本研究では，飼養管理の異なる4種類の家畜（繁殖牛，乳牛，肥育牛および繁殖豚）の排せつ物にモンモリロナイトを表面散布することにより，家畜排せつ物由来の臭気の原因となる物質濃度を調査し，家畜排せつ物の臭気原因物質の低減効果について評価した．原因物質のうち，アンモニア（NH<sub>3</sub>）および酢酸濃度（CH<sub>3</sub>COOH）の増加が乳牛糞および豚糞において顕著であった．特に，豚糞におけるアンモニア濃度は，処理後7日目において最も高くなった．しかしながら，その値はモンモリロナイト散布の有無によって異なっており，モンモリロナイト0 kg/m<sup>2 </sup>散布区では80.0 ppm であったのに対し，モンモリロナイト1.5 kg/m<sup>2 </sup>散布区では41.3 ppm まで減少した（<i>P</i> < 0.05）．乳牛糞のNH<sub>3 </sub>濃度もモンモリロナイト1.5 kg/m<sup>2 </sup>散布区（25.3 ppm）がモンモリロナイト0 kg/m<sup>2 </sup>散布区（42.7 ppm）と比べて有意に減少した（<i>P</i> < 0.05）．また，豚糞のモンモリロナイト1.5 kg/m<sup>2 </sup>散布区のCH<sub>3</sub>COOH 濃度の減少も同様に認められた．以上の結果から，モンモリロナイトの家畜糞への表面散布は，いくつかの臭気原因物質において減臭効果があることが示唆された．