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Affiliation |
Faculty of Agriculture Department of Forest and Environmental Sciences |
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Associate Professor |
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External Link |
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SHINOHARA Yoshinori
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Research Areas 【 display / non-display 】
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Social Infrastructure (Civil Engineering, Architecture, Disaster Prevention) / Disaster prevention engineering
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Life Science / Forest science
Papers 【 display / non-display 】
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Quantifying effects of changes in forest age distribution on the landslide frequency in Japan Reviewed International coauthorship
Lusiana N., Shinohara Y., Imaizumi F.
Natural Hazards 120 ( 9 ) 8551 - 8570 2024.7
Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Natural Hazards
Landslides are destructive natural disasters that cause human and economic losses. Although many studies report the effects of forest age on landslide susceptibility, especially for shallow landslides, no studies have examined the effects at a national scale. We assumed that temporal variations in the annual number of rainfall-triggered landslides in Japan were determined by variations in rainfall and forest age distribution. By this assumption, this study aimed to quantify the decrease in the frequency of rainfall-induced landslides owing to the increasing maturity of forests in Japan. Data were collated from 21 studies covering 11 sites in three countries that reported a landslide susceptibility index (i.e., frequency ratio or landslide density) and the relation between forest age and the normalized landslide susceptibility index (NLSI) was modeled. Using this relation and the area for each forest age class, the change in landslide susceptibility at a national scale (NLSIJpn) was quantified during 1966–2017. The authors developed generalized linear models (GLMs) using the annual number of landslides as the response variable and the NLSIJpn and a rainfall index for each year as the explanatory variables. The number of rainfall-induced landslides was simulated in the GLMs in 15 scenarios with different forest age distributions and rainfall amounts. The number of landslides in young-age-dominated and middle-age-dominated forests was estimated to be 2.4 and 1.1 times, respectively, that in mature-age-dominated forests. The change in the number of landslides from young-age-dominated to mature-age-dominated forests was larger than that from an increase in the rainfall amount of 20%. We conclude that increasing the maturity of forests greatly reduces landslide frequency in Japan. In a changing climate with potentially threatening increases in rainfall, preserving mature forests is important to avoid amplifying landslide susceptibility on a national scale.
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Park J.H., Shinohara Y., Gomez C., Hotta N.
Geomorphology 453 2024.5
Authorship：Corresponding author Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Geomorphology
Rainfall-triggered volcanic debris flows (VDFs), or lahars, frequently occur during and/or immediately after eruptions, often because of decreases in the infiltration capacity resulting from the deposition of fine volcanic materials. Although the infiltration capacity recovers and the frequency of VDFs decreases within a decade, VDFs have continued to occur over several decades after the eruption of some volcanoes. No study has yet identified the factors controlling sediment discharge of VDFs for a specific volcano after the recovery of infiltration capacity to the pre-eruptive level. We analyzed topographic changes and sediment volumes between 2003 and 2020, using 16 digital elevation models (DEMs) and orthophotographs from aerial lidar scanning for the Tansandani and Gokurakudani gullies of Mount Unzen where the infiltration capacity has recovered after the most recent eruption in 1990–1995. We also analyzed the frequency and magnitude of VDFs in 2003–2020. Topographic changes differed before and after three large-scale VDFs in 2015 and 2016. The total volume of the three VDFs was 140 × 103 m3. Between 2003 and 2014, the width and depth of the gullies continuously increased, with the changes in the intervals of successive DEMs averaging below 5 m. Between 2017 and 2020, gully cross-sections remained U-shaped and changed little, while the channel gradient gradually decreased. U-shaped gullies promote the dispersion of VDFs and their gentle slopes reduce the velocity of VDFs. As a result, the frequency and magnitude of VDFs decreased, and deposition and erosion in the gullies were almost balanced between 2017 and 2020. Thus, we conclude that topography is the main factor that controls the occurrence and magnitude of debris flows and therefore sediment discharge after the recovery of infiltration capacity to the pre-eruptive level.
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Daikai R., Gomez C., Hotta N., Shinohara Y.
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1314 ( 1 ) 2024.3
Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings) Publisher：IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science
As climate change creeps into the 21st century, the intensity of debris flows due to heavy and concentrated rainfall has increased in mountainous regions of Japan and East Asia. However, the relationship between climate change and an increase in debris flows is likely to be non-linear. Rainwater infiltrates more quickly into porous material, and the lack of vegetation cover increases evaporation and the temperature of surface sediments. In addition, periodic gully collapses bring fresh layers of porous material that increase the distance between the surface and the vadose zone. Therefore, to understand the relationship between volcanic debris flows (or lahars), parameters such as density, porosity, temperature, and moisture retention must be captured in detail in both time and space. The aim of this paper is to assess the role of loose, coarse, and porous sediments in lahar triggering. The present study was conducted at Unzen volcano in the Tansandani Guly between 31 May and 1 June 2023, 30 years after the last eruption. The dacite material is composed of a matrix of sand and coarse sand mixed with larger fractions and blocks, therefore traditional density measurement methods could not be applied, and a photogrammetric based method was used. In the field, sets of SfM-MVS photographs were taken before and after digging a hole in the sediments so that the measured mass could be compared to the volume of the hole in the sediments. After the sediments were dried, the dry and wet density, bulk density and porosity of the sample were calculated. When compared to the temperature data collected in the field, the following results were obtained: (1) The porosity of the volcanic material was highest in the lower reaches, followed by the upper reaches, and lowest in the middle reaches. This may be because fine sand washed out of the upstream area by rainfall is currently stored in the midstream area, which may facilitate debris flow generation. In addition, the downstream area has a high porosity, which may be due to the surrounding vegetation preventing the influx of new fine sand from the channel wall. (2) Because of the higher porosity and the lack of organic matter and vegetation cover, the increase in temperature acts more directly on the decrease in water content than in mountainous areas. Consequently, empirical equations for the potential for mudslides in volcanic areas with respect to surface temperature and soil moisture need to be developed for hazard and disaster risk management purposes.
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Daikai R., Gomez C., Hotta N., Shinohara Y.
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1313 ( 1 ) 2024
Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings) Publisher：IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science
Lava domes created by volcanoes often cause pyroclastic and debris flows, which have a significant impact on the surrounding infrastructure and population and have been the subject of much research. However, because volcanic domes tend not to survive the eruptions that form them, the instability of domes that survive eruptions such as Unzen Fugendake in Japan is both a poorly understood process and a danger. Therefore, the present contribution aims to (1) Displacement and precipitation from 2018 to 2020 for lava domes at Unzen volcano and their relationship to earthquakes, and (2) Haar wavelet analysis to understand the response of displacement to precipitation. The method is based on dome displacement from the Unzen Ground Based Synthetic Aperture Radar system and 48-hour rainfall from the MP radar rain gauge system. As a result, the authors confirmed the following: (1) precipitation of 150 mm or more in 48 hours tends to increase the vertical fluctuation of the dome, and even rainfall of less than 100 mm per 48 hours has a similar effect when it is repeated in an intensive manner; (2) After precipitation, major dome displacement can take days or weeks to occur, and is not instantaneous like the dome collapses in Soufriere and Merapi.
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Gomez C., Hotta N., Shinohara Y.
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1313 ( 1 ) 2024
Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings) Publisher：IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science
On 13th August 2021 at Unzen Volcano (Japan), an 81 mm.hr-1 peak-rainfall (1486 mm in 2 weeks) triggered series of erosion and deposition features in the Tansandani and the Gokurakudani gullies, all adding up to 57,800 m3 of erosion and 39,600 m3 of deposition. Upstream of the Sabo dam located at the exit of the Tansandani Gully, a large deposit has been visually identified as a potential debris-flow front candidate. However, the absence of direct observation leaves some uncertainty on the process that deposited the material and the magnitude of the flow. In the present contribution, the authors are investigating (1) the role of the debris-flow body in constructing the deposit and (2) the role of the tail of the debris-flow in eroding the fresh deposit. To reach this objective, the authors have combined a field investigation with direct observation, UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) LiDAR (Light Detection And Ranging) and Photogrammetry, and GIS (Geographic Information System) analysis of the field data. From this data, a 2D hydrodynamic simulation and sediment transport models were applied. The results show that the debris-flow ran beyond the first Sabo dam, with part of the material trapped on both sides of the gully. Afterwards, a central channel connected to sub-channels conveyed the diluted flow, most probably < 25 cm with maximum velocities between 4 to 5 m.s-1 at peak flow. Only the debris-flow phase went over the internal shoulders of the Sabo dam. A lobe occupies the top half of the study area and its deposition has been discussed to be related to the sudden widening of the gully, while the lower half is connected to the base-level created by the check dam.
Books 【 display / non-display 】
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森林水文学入門
篠原慶規（ Role： Contributor , 蒸発散）
朝倉書店 2022.9
Language：Japanese Book type：Textbook, survey, introduction
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森林学の百科事典
篠原 慶規（ Role： Joint author）
丸善出版 2021.1
Total pages：694 Responsible for pages：災害防止と保安林（第13章 森林と災害） Language：Japanese Book type：Dictionary, encyclopedia
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The necessity of sensor calibration for the precise measurement of water fluxes in forest ecosystems. IN Forest-Water Interactions
Shin'ichi Iida, Takanori Shimizu, Yoshinori Shinohara, Shin'ichi Takeuchi, Tomo'omi Kumagai（ Role： Joint author）
Springer Nature 2020.2
Total pages：643 Responsible for pages：519-536 Language：English Book type：Scholarly book
MISC 【 display / non-display 】
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はげ山的水源涵養機能からの脱却
篠原 慶規
森林科学 98 ( 0 ) 41 - 41 2023.6
Authorship：Lead author Language：Japanese Publishing type：Article, review, commentary, editorial, etc. (scientific journal) Publisher：日本森林学会
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The July 2020 Rainfall-Induced Sediment Disasters in Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan
JITOUSONO Takashi, SHINOHARA Yoshinori, SHIMIZU Osamu, TAGATA Satoshi, TERAMOTO Yukiyoshi, TORITA Eiji, NAGATANI Naomasa, NAKANO Koji, NISHIWAKI Ayato, HIRAKAWA Yasuyuki, FUKUZUKA Kozaburou, IGURA Mari, MIZUNO Hideaki, UE Hirotaka, OHISHI Hiroyuki, KAKIMOTO Tsuyoshi, KITOU Ken-ichi, KOGA Syozo, SAKAI Yusuke, SAKASHIMA Toshihiko
砂防学会英文誌 13 ( 4 ) 93 - 100 2021.4
Language：English Publishing type：Article, review, commentary, editorial, etc. (scientific journal) Publisher：公益社団法人 砂防学会
On July 4, 2020, heavy rainfall was observed in the southern part of Kumamoto Prefecture and the northern part of Kagoshima Prefecture. Due to heavy rainfall, floods and sediment disasters such as collapses and debris flows occurred predominantly in the Kuma River basin of Kumamoto Prefecture. We conducted field investigations at four sites in Ashikita Town and Tsunagi Town, Kumamoto Prefecture, where collapses and debris flows caused deaths. We also conducted field investigations in the Kawauchi River branch of the Kuma River, where vast amounts of sediment discharge caused damage to houses. The objectives of these investigations were to clarify the situation and mechanism of the disasters and to propose procedures to recover from the disasters. This report briefly summarizes the results of these investigations.
DOI： 10.13101/ijece.13.93
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Sediment disasters in Kumamoto Prefecture by a heavy rainfall in July 2020
JITOUSONO Takashi, SHINOHARA Yoshinori, SHIMIZU Osamu, TAGATA Satoshi, TERAMOTO Yukiyoshi, TORITA Eiji, NAGATANI Naomasa, NAKANO Koji, NISHIWAKI Ayato, HIRAKAWA Yasuyuki, FUKUZUKA Kozaburou, IGURA Mari, MIZUNO Hideaki, UE Hirotaka, OHISHI Hiroyuki, KAKIMOTO Tsuyoshi, KITOU Ken-ichi, KOGA Syozo, SAKAI Yusuke, SAKASHIMA Toshihiko
Journal of the Japan Society of Erosion Control Engineering 73 ( 4 ) 41 - 50 2020
Language：Japanese Publishing type：Rapid communication, short report, research note, etc. (scientific journal) Publisher：Japan Society of Erosion Control Engineering
On July 4, 2020, heavy rainfall was observed in the southern part of Kumamoto prefecture and the northern part of Kagoshima prefecture. Due to the heavy rainfall, floods and sediment disasters such as landslides and debris flows were occurred especially in the Kuma River basin of Kumamoto prefecture. We conducted field investigations at four sites in Ashikita-town and Tsunagi-town, Kumamoto prefecture, where landslides and/or debris flows caused deaths. We also conducted field investigations in the Kawauchi River branch of the Kuma River where huge amounts of sediment discharge caused damage to houses. The objectives of these investigations were to clarify the situation and mechanism of the disasters and to propose procedures to recover from the disasters. This report briefly summarizes the results in these investigations.
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Estimation of potential areas affected by large-scale sediment movements and disaster mitigations for the large-scale sediment movements Reviewed
70 ( 1 ) 20 - 30 2017.5
Language：Japanese Publishing type：Article, review, commentary, editorial, etc. (scientific journal)
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SHINOHARA Yoshinori
JOURNAL OF JAPAN SOCIETY OF HYDROLOGY AND WATER RESOURCES 30 ( 2 ) 126 - 126 2017
Language：Japanese Publishing type：Article, review, commentary, editorial, etc. (scientific journal) Publisher：THE JAPAN SOCIETY OF HYDROLOGY AND WATER RESOURCES
Presentations 【 display / non-display 】
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森林の成熟が土砂災害発生に与える影響の全国的評価
篠原慶規，Novia Lusiana，今泉文寿
日本森林学会大会 2024.3.8
Event date： 2024.3.8 - 2024.3.11
Language：Japanese Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)
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高密度のマダケ林における樹冠遮断の特徴
木村健人，篠原慶規
日本森林学会大会 2024.3.8
Event date： 2024.3.8 - 2024.3.11
Language：Japanese Presentation type：Poster presentation
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宮崎大学田野フィールドの常緑広葉樹林におけ る樹冠遮断量の計測
阿部悠南，後藤君龍，高木正博，篠原慶規
日本森林学会大会 2024.3.8
Event date： 2024.3.8 - 2024.3.11
Language：Japanese Presentation type：Poster presentation
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様々な表層崩壊跡地における土層厚の回復
松永美月，竹内万結，佐藤忠道，執印康裕，久米朋宣，篠原慶規
日本森林学会大会 2024.3.8
Event date： 2024.3.8 - 2024.3.11
Language：Japanese Presentation type：Poster presentation
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What are the factors determining long-term trends in the fatality of rainfall-triggered landslides?
Shinohara Yoshinori, Kume Tomonori
2023.9.6 THE JAPAN SOCIETY OF HYDROLOGY AND WATER RESOURCES
Event date： 2023.9.3 - 2023.9.6
Language：Japanese Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)
Awards 【 display / non-display 】
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論文賞
2024.9 水文・水資源学会
篠原 慶規，久米 朋宣
Award type：Award from Japanese society, conference, symposium, etc.
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若手農林水産研究者表彰（農林水産技術会議会長賞）
2023.11 農林水産省 森林および竹林の水土保全機能に関する研究
篠原慶規
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日本森林学会奨励賞
2017.3 日本森林学会
篠原 慶規
Award type：Award from Japanese society, conference, symposium, etc. Country：Japan
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research 【 display / non-display 】
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降雨は火山災害を激化させるのか：時系列データの統合・再構築に基づく山体変形解析
Grant number：23K17801 2023.04 - 2025.03
独立行政法人日本学術振興会 科学研究費補助金 基盤研究(C)
Authorship：Coinvestigator(s)
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土砂災害による死者数の時空間変動要因の解明
Grant number：21K04590 2021.04 - 2024.03
独立行政法人日本学術振興会 科学研究費補助金 基盤研究(C)
Authorship：Principal investigator
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森林から河川へ流出する炭素量は吸収量に対してどの程度の割合なのか？
Grant number：21H02238 2021.04 - 2024.03
独立行政法人日本学術振興会 科学研究費補助金 基盤研究(B)
高木 正博、
Authorship：Coinvestigator(s)
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地上計測とドローンを用いた高時空間分解能の森林蒸散量の推定
Grant number：18K14492 2018 - 2021.03
科学研究費補助金 若手研究(B)
Authorship：Principal investigator
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表層崩壊の危険性を評価する上で土壌水分の空間的不均一性は考慮する必要があるのか？
Grant number：25850109 2013.04 - 2016.03
科学研究費補助金 若手研究(B)