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Affiliation |
Faculty of Agriculture Department of Marine Biological and Environmental Science |
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Associate Professor |
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External Link |
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MIYANISHI Hiroshi
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Degree 【 display / non-display 】
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博士（理学） ( 2011.10 東京大学 )
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修士（教育学） ( 2007.3 横浜国立大学 )
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学士（教育） ( 2005.3 横浜国立大学 )
Research Areas 【 display / non-display 】
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Life Science / Aquatic life science / 魚類生理学：メダカ、サケ、ウナギ、チョウザメ、浸透圧調節、生殖、成長
Papers 【 display / non-display 】
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Fujishiro K., Miyanishi H.
Zoological Science 40 ( 5 ) 404 - 413 2023.7
Authorship：Corresponding author Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Zoological Science
High stocking densities have negative effects on fish. However, the mechanism mediating density perception and growth inhibition is still unknown. This study was conducted to confirm the occurrence of growth inhibition and evaluate changes in growth-related factors in fish reared under high-stocking-density conditions and to determine the role of vision in density perception of medaka. In the graduated-stocking experiment, growth inhibition was clearly observed in fish reared at higher densities, although environmental factors, such as water quality, dissolved oxygen, and feeding conditions, were the same in each experimental group. Differences in growth were observed between the 6-fish and 8-fish groups, indicating that medaka have a superior sense that allows them to accurately perceive the number of individuals in their surroundings. In the pseudo-high stocking experiment, the inner 2-L tank in both groups contained six fish; however, the outer 3-L tank in the pseudo group contained several fish, while that of the control group contained only water. Growth inhibition was observed among the fish in the inner tank of the pseudo group despite having similar spatial density with the control group. These findings suggest that vision is important for density perception. The gene expression of growth-related and metabolic-regulatory hormones decreased in the high-density group. Furthermore, neuropeptide Y expression increased, while pro-opiomelanocortin expression decreased in the high-density group. This study is the first to report that fish can visually perceive density and the resulting growth inhibition, and concluded that medaka is a suitable model for studying density effects and perception in fish. .
DOI： 10.2108/zs230018
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Takeuchi T., Hata T., Miyanishi H., Yuasa T., Setoguchi S., Takeda A., Morimoto N., Hikima J.i., Sakai M., Kono T.
Fish and Shellfish Immunology 127 238 - 246 2022.8
Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Fish and Shellfish Immunology
In recent years, studies on circadian control in immunity have been actively conducted in mammals, but little is known about circadian rhythms in the field of fish immunology. In this study, we aimed to analyse the regulation of the diel oscillation of inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1β (il1b) gene expression by core components of the circadian clock in Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes). The expression of il1b and clock genes (bmal1 and clock1) in medaka acclimated to a 12:12 light (L): dark (D) cycle showed diel rhythm. Additionally, higher expression of il1b was detected in medaka embryo cells (OLHdrR-e3) overexpressing bmal1 and clock1. A significant decrease in il1b expression was observed in OLHdrR-e3 cells after bmal1 knockdown using morpholino oligos. These changes may be mediated by transcriptional regulation via clock proteins, which target the E-box sequence in the cis-element of il1b as identified using luciferase reporter assays. Moreover, LPS stimulation and pathogenic bacterial infection at different zeitgeber time (ZT) under LD12:12 conditions affected the degree of il1b expression, which showed high and low responsiveness to both immuno-stimulations at ZT2 and ZT14, respectively. These results suggested that fish IL-1β exhibited diel oscillation regulated by clock proteins, and its responsiveness to immune-stimulation depends on the time of day.
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Reproductive farming technology in Japanese eel and chub mackerel Invited Reviewed
Hiroshi Miyanishi, Naoki Nagano
Aquaculture and Fisheries 7 ( 5 ) 595 - 600 2022.4
Authorship：Lead author, Corresponding author Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)
Japanese eel (Anguilla japonica) and chub mackerel (Scomber japonicus) are commercially valuable species in Asian aquaculture. The reduction in eel and chub mackerel resources has been a serious problem in recent years that should be addressed by reducing the catch of their natural populations to halt their decline and reach the Sustainable Development Goals. Furthermore, securing sufficient food supply by aquaculture is an important step in addressing the increasing demand for fish products in recent years. Traditionally, juveniles of the Japanese eel and chub mackerel have been captured to be raised in aquaculture. Owing to the extensive research on these species, new technologies have been developed for full-lifecycle aquaculture of Japanese eel in 2011 and chub mackerel in 2014. These technologies are expected to stop the decline of natural resources and provide a stable food supply. Recently, seed production of these species has increased owing to the development of successful broodstock management and larval rearing techniques. Fundamental information on oocyte maturation and ovulation and its application for artificial induction of sexual maturation is needed to produce good quality seeds of the Japanese eel and chub mackerel. Here, hormonal mechanisms and previously and newly developed methods for artificial seed production have been described.
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Thyroid and endostyle development in cyclostomes provides new insights into the evolutionary history of vertebrates Reviewed International coauthorship
Wataru Takagi, Fumiaki Sugahara, Shinnosuke Higuchi, Rie Kusakabe, Juan Pascual-Anaya, Iori Sato, Yasuhiro Oisi, Nobuhiro Ogawa, Hiroshi Miyanishi, Noritaka Adachi, Susumu Hyodo, Shigeru Kuratani
BMC Biology 20 ( 1 ) 76 2022.4
Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)
Background: The endostyle is an epithelial exocrine gland found in non-vertebrate chordates (amphioxi and tunicates) and the larvae of modern lampreys. It is generally considered to be an evolutionary precursor of the thyroid gland of vertebrates. Transformation of the endostyle into the thyroid gland during the metamorphosis of lampreys is thus deemed to be a recapitulation of a past event in vertebrate evolution. In 1906, Stockard reported that the thyroid gland in hagfish, the sister cyclostome group of lampreys, develops through an endostyle-like primordium, strongly supporting the plesiomorphy of the lamprey endostyle. However, the findings in hagfish thyroid development were solely based on this single study, and these have not been confirmed by modern molecular, genetic, and morphological data pertaining to hagfish thyroid development over the last century. Results: Here, we showed that the thyroid gland of hagfish undergoes direct development from the ventrorostral pharyngeal endoderm, where the previously described endostyle-like primordium was not found. The developmental pattern of the hagfish thyroid, including histological features and regulatory gene expression profiles, closely resembles that found in modern jawed vertebrates (gnathostomes). Meanwhile, as opposed to gnathostomes but similar to non-vertebrate chordates, lamprey and hagfish share a broad expression domain of Nkx2-1/2-4, a key regulatory gene, in the pharyngeal epithelium during early developmental stages. Conclusions: Based on the direct development of the thyroid gland both in hagfish and gnathostomes, and the shared expression profile of thyroid-related transcription factors in the cyclostomes, we challenge the plesiomorphic status of the lamprey endostyle and propose an alternative hypothesis where the lamprey endostyle could be obtained secondarily in crown lampreys.
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Yoshie Takahashi, Yo Okamura, Nanaki Harada, Mika Watanabe, Hiroshi Miyanishi, Tomoya Kono, Masahiro Sakai, Jun Ichi Hikima
Frontiers in Immunology 12 688036 2021.10
Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)
Mucosal tissue forms the first line of defense against pathogenic microorganisms. Cellular damage in the mucosal epithelium may induce the interleukin (IL)-22-related activation of many immune cells, which are essential for maintaining the mucosal epithelial barrier. A previous study on mucosal immunity elucidated that mammalian IL-22 contributes to mucus and antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) production and anti-apoptotic function. IL-22 has been identified in several teleost species and is also induced in response to bacterial infections. However, the roles of IL-22 in teleost immunity and mucus homeostasis are poorly understood. In this study, Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) was used as a model fish. The medaka il22, il22 receptor A1 (il22ra1), and il22 binding protein (il22bp) were cloned and characterized. The expression of medaka il22, il22ra1, and il22bp in various tissues was measured using qPCR. These genes were expressed at high levels in the mucosal tissues of the intestines, gills, and skin. The localization of il22 and il22bp mRNA in the gills and intestines was confirmed by in situ hybridizations. Herein, we established IL-22-knockout (KO) medaka using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. In the IL-22-KO medaka, a 4-bp deletion caused a frameshift in il22. To investigate the genes subject to IL-22-dependent regulation, we compared the transcripts of larval medaka between wild-type (WT) and IL-22-KO medaka using RNA-seq and qPCR analyses. The comparison was performed not only in the naïve state but also in the dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-exposed state. At the transcriptional level, 368 genes, including immune genes, such as those encoding AMPs and cytokines, were significantly downregulated in IL-22-KO medaka compared that in WT medaka in naïve states. Gene ontology analysis revealed that upon DSS stimulation, genes associated with cell death, acute inflammatory response, cell proliferation, and others were upregulated in WT medaka. Furthermore, in DSS-stimulated IL-22-KO medaka, wound healing was delayed, the number of apoptotic cells increased, and the number of goblet cells in the intestinal epithelium decreased. These results suggested that in medaka, IL-22 is important for maintaining intestinal homeostasis, and the disruption of the IL-22 pathway is associated with the exacerbation of inflammatory pathology, as observed for mammalian IL-22.
MISC 【 display / non-display 】
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サケ・マス類における海水経験法による成長促進 Invited
宮西 弘
月刊養殖ビジネス 61 ( 3 ) 42 - 46 2024.3
Authorship：Lead author Language：Japanese Publishing type：Article, review, commentary, editorial, etc. (trade magazine, newspaper, online media)
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キャビア生産サイクルの短縮化 Invited
宮西 弘
調査月報 361 2 - 6 2023.5
Authorship：Lead author Language：Japanese Publishing type：Internal/External technical report, pre-print, etc.
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川が好きなメダカと海が好きな？メダカ２ Invited
宮西 弘
月刊アクアライフ 9月号増刊 270 - 271 2022.9
Authorship：Corresponding author Language：Japanese Publishing type：Article, review, commentary, editorial, etc. (trade magazine, newspaper, online media) Publisher：エムビージェー
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川が好きなメダカと海が好きな？メダカ Invited
宮西 弘
月刊アクアライフ 43 ( 5 ) 80 - 81 2021.4
Language：Japanese Publishing type：Article, review, commentary, editorial, etc. (trade magazine, newspaper, online media) Publisher：エムビージェー
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広塩性魚におけるin vivoコンディショナルノックダウンを用いた塩類細胞分化機構の解明 Invited
宮西弘, 高屋敷早紀, 金子豊二
月刊海洋 49 202 - 207 2017.3
Authorship：Lead author, Corresponding author Language：Japanese Publishing type：Article, review, commentary, editorial, etc. (trade magazine, newspaper, online media)
Presentations 【 display / non-display 】
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Medaka (Oryzias latipes) is a suitable model for studying density effects and perception in fish International conference
Kouyou Fujishiro, Hiroshi Miyanishi
Joint International Symposium on Fisheries Oceanography with University of Miyazaki and Gyeongsang National University 2023.12
Event date： 2023.12.17 - 2023.12.20
Language：English Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)
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高密度飼育および認識によるメダカ脳内遺伝子発現変化とfos遺伝子の解析
藤城耕陽、宮西弘
令和5年度日本水産学会九州支部大会 2023.12.9
Event date： 2023.12.9
Language：Japanese Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)
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高密度飼育メダカの成長阻害および脳内変動遺伝子解析
藤城耕陽、宮西弘
令和５年度日本水産学会 秋季大会 2023.9.20
Event date： 2023.9.19 - 2023.9.22
Language：Japanese Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)
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ニホンウナギのビリ解決に資する新規成長促進法確立
宮西弘・鎌田優功・後藤暁彦・黒木真理・長野直樹
令和５年度日本水産学会 秋季大会 2023.9.20
Event date： 2023.9.19 - 2023.9.22
Language：Japanese Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)
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mpeg1を標的としたマクロファージ蛍光識メダカの作出評価
山本樹奈・出口 華・中神賢太郎・宮崎 弘・河野智哉・酒井正博・引間順一・木下政人
令和５年度日本水産学会 秋季大会 2023.9.20
Event date： 2023.9.19 - 2023.9.22
Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)
Awards 【 display / non-display 】
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学生優秀発表賞
2023.12 日本水産学会九州支部 高密度飼育および認識によるメダカ脳内遺伝子発現変化とfos遺伝子の解析
藤城耕陽・宮西弘
Award type：Award from Japanese society, conference, symposium, etc.
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最優秀発表賞
2023.8 日本下垂体研究会 メダカにおける密度認識と高密度飼育下での成長阻害および内分泌学的解析
藤城耕陽・宮西弘
Award type：International academic award (Japan or overseas)
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学生優秀発表賞
2023.1 日本水産学会九州支部 単一細胞レベルトランスクリプトーム解析による魚類の鰓塩類細胞分化因子の探索
谷口雄真・宮西弘
Award type：Award from Japanese society, conference, symposium, etc.
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第24回バゾプレシン研究会 研究奨励賞
2014.1 バゾプレシン研究会
宮西弘
Award type：Award from Japanese society, conference, symposium, etc. Country：Japan
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第4回 東京大学大気海洋研究所 博士課程修了者 所長賞
2012.3 東京大学 大気海洋研究所
宮西弘
Country：Japan
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research 【 display / non-display 】
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海水経験技術による回遊性水産有用魚種の成長・成熟促進機構の解明と応用
Grant number：23H02296 2023.04 - 2027.03
日本学術振興会 科学研究費補助金 基盤研究B
宮西 弘
Authorship：Principal investigator
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魚類の高密度飼育による成長阻害因子の同定および高密度耐性魚の作出
Grant number：22K19216 2022.06 - 2025.03
日本学術振興会 科学研究費補助金 挑戦的研究（萌芽）
宮西 弘
Authorship：Principal investigator
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魚類塩類細胞分化誘導シグナリングの解明から迫る広塩性決定因子の同定と応用
Grant number：19K15912 2019.04 - 2022.03
科学研究費補助金 若手研究
Authorship：Principal investigator
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新規海水適応遺伝子の探索および海水型塩類細胞分化誘導因子の同定
2014.04 - 2017.03
科学研究費補助金 若手研究(B)
Authorship：Principal investigator
Available Technology 【 display / non-display 】
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魚の水環境における適応機構と飼育密度の研究
海水経験技術による成長の促進と海水への適応能力の向上
光環境操作によるウナギの成熟促進技術の開発Home Page： 海洋生物環境学科・教員紹介（宮西弘）
Related fields where technical consultation is available：・魚に適した環境を整え、健康に飼う方法
・魚を大きくする方法Message：・魚を健康に大きく育てたいなど、様々な相談があればご連絡下さい。
・遺伝子操作などの先端的な研究手法から飼育まで幅広く研究を行っていますので、何でもご相談下さい。