Papers - ABURADA Kentaro
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Introduction of Feature Points in Images for Improvement of Finding Letters Type CAPTCHA Based on Neural Style Transfer Reviewed
Ramu Kiura, Hisaaki Yamaba, Shotaro Usuzaki, Kentaro Aburada, Masayuki Mukunoki, Mirang Park, Naonobu Okazaki
Proc. 30th Int'l Sympo. on Artificial Life and Robotics 2025 (AROB 30th 2025) 2025.1
Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)
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Investigation of Detection Methods for Trojaned DNNs under Specific Conditions Reviewed
Shunya Izaki, Shotaro Usuzaki, Kentaro Aburada, Hisaaki Yamaba, Tetsuro Katayama, Mirang Park, Naonobu Okazaki
Proc. 30th Int'l Sympo. on Artificial Life and Robotics 2025 (AROB 30th 2025) 2025.1
Authorship：Corresponding author Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)
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A study of Collaborative malware detection using item response theory Reviewed
Takuro Inada, Shotaro Usuzaki, Kentaro Aburada, Hisaaki Yamaba, Tetsuro Katayama, Mirang Park, Naonobu Okazaki
Proc. 30th Int'l Sympo. on Artificial Life and Robotics 2025 (AROB 30th 2025) 2025.1
Authorship：Corresponding author Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)
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Proposal and Evaluation of a Gaze Authentication Method that Combines Image Selection and Eye Movement Trajectory Features Reviewed
Mirang Park, Zhaolin Chang, Shotaro Usuzaki, Kentaro Aburada, Naonobu Okazaki
2024 12th International Symposium on Computing and Networking Workshops (CANDARW) 359 - 364 2024.11
Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)
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ASLA: Automatic Segmentation and Labeling by Deep Learning for Document Pictures Reviewed
Kakinoki Kanta, Katayama Tetsuro, Kita Yoshihiro, Yamaba Hisaaki, Aburada Kentaro, Okazaki Naonobu
Journal of Robotics, Networking and Artificial Life 10 ( 4 ) 362 - 367 2024.11
Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：ALife Robotics Corporation Ltd.
In this paper, we propose ASLA, a segmentation and label generation system for document pictures. ASLA reduces the duration needed for separating document pictures into areas and label generation. By using the application example, we have verified that ASLA operates properly. We have evaluated the usefulness of ASLA in regard to time and accuracy. We have assessed the efficacy of the rule-based area correction method. As a result, we have verified that ASLA is useful.
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Onaga Haruki, Katayama Tetsuro, Kita Yoshihiro, Yamaba Hisaaki, Aburada Kentaro, Okazaki Naonobu
Journal of Robotics, Networking and Artificial Life 10 ( 4 ) 336 - 341 2024.9
Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：ALife Robotics Corporation Ltd.
It is difficult for mobile application developers to understand the structure of large and complex mobile applications. To support iOS application development, we proposed SwiftDiagram: a visualization of the static structure of Swift source code, and demonstrated its usefulness. To further support them, this paper has implemented RAGESS(Real-time Automatic Generation of SwiftDiagram System), which is a software visualization tool. RAGESS performs static analysis on Swift source code and automatically generates the corresponding SwiftDiagram whenever the target project build succeeds.
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Okazaki N., Usuzaki S., Waki T., Kawagoe H., Park M., Yamaba H., Aburada K.
Future Internet 16 ( 8 ) 2024.8
Authorship：Last author Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Future Internet
We propose a detection system incorporating a weighted voting mechanism that reflects the vote’s reliability based on the accuracy of each detector’s examination, which overcomes the problem of cooperative detection. Collaborative malware detection is an effective strategy against zero-day attacks compared to one using only a single detector because the strategy might pick up attacks that a single detector overlooked. However, cooperative detection is still ineffective if most anti-virus engines lack sufficient intelligence to detect zero-day malware. Most collaborative methods rely on majority voting, which prioritizes the quantity of votes rather than the quality of those votes. Therefore, our study investigated the zero-day malware detection accuracy of the collaborative system that optimally rates their weight of votes based on their malware categories of expertise of each anti-virus engine. We implemented the prototype system with the VirusTotal API and evaluated the system using real malware registered in MalwareBazaar. To evaluate the effectiveness of zero-day malware detection, we measured recall using the inspection results on the same day the malware was registered in the MalwareBazaar repository. Through experiments, we confirmed that the proposed system can suppress the false negatives of uniformly weighted voting and improve detection accuracy against new types of malware.
DOI： 10.3390/fi16080259
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Usability improvement in color constancy CAPTCHA
Usuzaki Shotaro, Yihan Wang, Aburada Kentaro, Yamaba Hisaaki, Takatsuka Kayoko, Katayama Tetsuro, Park Mirang, Okazaki Naonobu
IEICE Communications Express 13 ( 8 ) 331 - 334 2024.8
Authorship：Corresponding author Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：一般社団法人 電子情報通信学会
CAPTCHAs have traditionally been used to deter bots, but ensuring protection against machine learning attacks has become difficult. To tackle this problem, we proposed a CAPTCHA based on color constancy, a human cognitive ability that is difficult for machines to reproduce. Although this method achieved high attack resistance while maintaining usability compared to existing CAPTCHAs, the response time increased due to the color selection operation. To address this, we changed the task to a click-type format while keeping the original concept. Our experimental results show that our method matches the response times of existing CAPTCHAs without compromising attack resistance.
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視線による画像選択と視線軌跡の特徴量を組み合わせた個人認証システム
常 照林，臼﨑 翔太郎，油田 健太郎，岡崎 直宣，朴 美娘
セキュリティサマーサミット 2024.7
Publishing type：Research paper (conference, symposium, etc.)
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Haruki Onaga, Tetsuro Katayama, Yoshihiro Kita, Hisaaki Yamaba, Kentaro Aburada, Naonobu Okazaki
The 2024 International Conference on Artificial Life and Robotics (ICAROB2024) 252 - 256 2024.2
Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings) Publisher：Proceedings of International Conference on Artificial Life and Robotics
Writing VDM++ specifications is difficult. The existing method can automatically generate type and constant definitions in VDM++ specification from natural language specification using machine learning. This paper proposes a method to generate classes and instance variable definitions in the VDM++ specification from natural language specification to improve the usefulness of the existing method. From the evaluation experiment by using F-values, it has been confirmed that the proposed method can improve the usefulness of the existing method.
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Kanta Kakinoki, Tetsuro Katayama, Yoshihiro Kita, Hisaaki Yamaba, Kentaro Aburada, Naonobu Okazaki
The 2024 International Conference on Artificial Life and Robotics (ICAROB2024) 262 - 266 2024.2
Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings) Publisher：Proceedings of International Conference on Artificial Life and Robotics
Writing VDM++ specifications is difficult. The existing method can automatically generate type and constant definitions in VDM++ specification from natural language specification using machine learning. This paper proposes a method to generate classes and instance variable definitions in the VDM++ specification from natural language specification to improve the usefulness of the existing method. From the evaluation experiment by using F-values, it has been confirmed that the proposed method can improve the usefulness of the existing method.
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Shota Takakura, Tetsuro Katayama, Yoshihiro Kita, Hisaaki Yamaba, Kentaro Aburada, Naonobu Okazaki
The 2024 International Conference on Artificial Life and Robotics (ICAROB2024) 257 - 261 2024.2
Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings) Publisher：Proceedings of International Conference on Artificial Life and Robotics
Writing VDM++ specifications is difficult. The existing method can automatically generate type and constant definitions in VDM++ specification from natural language specification using machine learning. This paper proposes a method to generate classes and instance variable definitions in the VDM++ specification from natural language specification to improve the usefulness of the existing method. From the evaluation experiment by using F-values, it has been confirmed that the proposed method can improve the usefulness of the existing method.
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On an improvement of hand gesture recognition for realizing an s-EMG based user authentication using finger spelling Reviewed
Hisaaki Yamaba, Naoki Sawagashira, Kentaro Aburada, Tetsuro Katayama, Naonobu Okazaki
Proc. 29th Int'l Sympo. on Artificial Life and Robotics 2024 (AROB 29th 2024) 933 - 938 2024.1
Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)
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Investigation of malware classification based on image representation Reviewed
Hyoga Kawagoe, Shotaro Usuzaki, Kentaro Aburada, Hisaaki Yamaba, Tetsuro Katayama, Mirang Park, Naonobu Okazaki
Proc. 29th Int'l Sympo. on Artificial Life and Robotics 2024 (AROB 29th 2024) 929 - 932 2024.1
Authorship：Corresponding author Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)
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Development of Methods for Project Schedule Delay Risk Analysis Reviewed
Takatsuka Kayoko, Sato Tomoichi, Aburada Kentaro, Okazaki Naonobu
KAGAKU KOGAKU RONBUNSHU 49 ( 6 ) 159 - 165 2023.11
Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：The Society of Chemical Engineers, Japan
Since introducing the project management technique “earned value management” in the 1970s, planning and schedule management that balances the three factors of process, resources, and cost are now possible. However, delay risk has increased over the years because of the large-scale scope and changes in the surrounding environment. Therefore, besides the above three factors, preparation and management regarding delay risk are critical. However, many projects rely on the experience and intuition of directors to monitor risk. This study develops a project schedule management mechanism and system that analyzes delay risk besides processes, resources, and costs. A schedule network generation unit with multiple activities and a delay risk evaluation unit are included in the schedule management system to achieve this purpose. As a mechanism for managing delay risk, we propose a method that evaluates the margin (delay risk tolerance) of the total float of the schedule network that has a negative correlation with delay risk and a simple and accurate calculation method.
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Proposal of a DDoS Attack Detection Method Using the Communication Interval Reviewed
Iwasa K., Usuzaki S., Aburada K., Yamaba H., Katayama T., Park M., Okazaki N.
Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering 1114 LNEE 165 - 174 2023.10
Authorship：Corresponding author Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings) Publisher：Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering
As the scale of Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks has been escalating in recent years, the need for real-time detection of attacks has increased. Existing intrusion detection systems (IDSs) perform detection with a fixed window size (assumed to be in hours). In previous research, attack detection was performed by preparing windows of multiple sizes, selecting the appropriate window based on the state of the data, and using features learned in advance for that window size. Although this method yielded a high DDoS attack detection rate of 98.30%, it exhibited a considerable false-positive rate of 7.37%. The proposed method measures the communication intervals of identical packets within the window, identified as attack-related in the previous survey, and classifies those packets with an average communication interval below a set threshold as attacks. The experiment resulted in a 50.2% decrease in the false-positive rate.
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Study of an Image-Based CAPTCHA that is Resistant to Attacks Using Image Recognition Systems Reviewed
Nishikawa S., Usuzaki S., Aburada K., Yamaba H., Katayama T., Park M., Okazaki N.
Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering 1114 LNEE 175 - 184 2023.10
Authorship：Corresponding author Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings) Publisher：Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering
In today’s digital age, image-based CAPTCHAs are increasingly vulnerable to attacks using annotation services, which tag images and classify images according to their contents, or reverse image search services. To prevent such attacks, an image-based CAPTCHA was proposed that takes advantage of the fact that humans can correctly recognize images containing many discontinuous points, while existing image recognition systems misrecognize them. However, this CAPTCHA proved susceptible to attacks using noise reduction filters. The objective of the present study is to create a CAPTCHA using images that are resistant to such filters. Images used in the new CAPTCHA were realized by increasing the proportion of lines forming discontinuous surfaces in images. Experimental results demonstrated a human recognition rate of 95.8%, with the image recognition systems successfully identifying only one image overall. Moreover, when a noise reduction filter was applied, the recognition rate was lower than those reported in previous studies.
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Proposal of Fill in the Missing Letters CAPTCHA Using Associations from Images Reviewed
Yamaba H., Mustaza M.N.F.B., Usuzaki S., Aburada K., Mukunoki M., Park M., Okazaki N.
Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering 1114 LNEE 206 - 217 2023.10
Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings) Publisher：Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering
This paper proposes a new fill in the missing letters type CAPTCHA using associations from images. Many web sites have adopted CAPTCHA to prevent bots and other automated programs from malicious activities such as posting comment spam. Text-based CAPTCHA is the most common and earliest CAPTCHA. But as optical character recognition (OCR) technology has improved, the intensity of distortions that must be applied to a CAPTCHA for it to remain unrecognizable by OCR has increased. This has reached a point where humans are having difficulty recognizing CAPTCHA text. The idea of the proposed CAPTCHA asks users to spell a word by filling some blanks. Since the number of shown letters are few, it is difficult to answer the correct word. But one or more images that can be used as hints to guess what is the answer word are also shown to the users. A series of experiments was carried out to evaluated the performance of the proposed CAPTCHA. First, a computer program was developed with various software languages for the usability evaluation. The system was used for the experiments to find the suitable parameters of the CAPTCHA such as numbers of letters that will be disclosed, position of disclosed letters. Next, security evaluation experiments were carried out using the system under the obtained parameters. The results of the experiments showed that the performance and limitation of the proposed CAPTCHA.
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Analysis of Self Determination Factors for Continuance Intention on Online Learning Management System Reviewed
Saputra Mochamad Chandra, Katayama Tetsuro, Kita Yoshihiro, Yamaba Hisaaki, Aburada Kentaro, Okazaki Naonobu, Wicaksono Satrio Agung
Journal of Robotics, Networking and Artificial Life 10 ( 1 ) 91 - 95 2023.9
Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：株式会社 ALife Robotics
The COVID-19 pandemic outbreak transformed the paradigm of the educational process. Many educational institutions, including the University, mainly the Faculty of Computer Science, Brawijaya University, have experienced success with learning through the Internet. The continuance intention factor for using an online learning management system is important to ensure learning sustainability. This study investigates continuance intention factor by using self determination model as a research model. The objective of this study is to find the factor factors affecting students' continuance intention toward online learning management systems. The proposed model is useful for investigating continuance intention factors. The study finds that intrinsic regulation, external regulation, identified regulation, and introjected regulation significantly positive impact on continuance intention in learning management systems. Finally, this study provides suggestions for the Faculty to improve the continuance intention of the student in using an online learning management system.
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Development of keypads which use colors or shapes to prevent shoulder surfing Reviewed
Masuzawa R., Aburada K., Yamaba H., Katayama T., Okazaki N.
Artificial Life and Robotics 28 ( 4 ) 710 - 717 2023.8
Authorship：Corresponding author Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Artificial Life and Robotics
In conventional smart phones and ATMs, a four-digit passcode is entered into a keypad, and the user confirms whether the passcode matches the keypad. However, there is a risk that a third party can easily steal the password by watching the code entry or analyzing the position of fingerprints left on the keypad. There are other solutions, such as biometric authentication or the use of special displays, but both of them are costly and difficult to implement. In this study, we propose a keypad that does not leave fingerprints on the screen, is low cost, and can be used to input passcodes without worry, even if someone is standing next to it. The proposed keypad uses cursors that are moved by directional keys to select numbers, making fingerprint analysis difficult. Because attackers do not know the color that the user has selected, they cannot know which cursor the user is moving. To verify the safety and convenience of this system, we conducted experiments on subjects in their 20 s and 50 s. The results showed that the average difference in authentication time from the conventional method was about 5 s, and the method was generally convenient. We conclude that our keypad system is secure, because no peeping attacks on a subject were successful in guessing the subject’s passcode.