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Faculty of Education Education and clinical psychology |
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SAKAI Motohiro
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Degree 【 display / non-display 】
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教育学士 ( 1999.4 宮崎大学 )
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人間科学修士 ( 2001.3 早稲田大学 )
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博士（人間科学） ( 2005.3 早稲田大学 )
Research Areas 【 display / non-display 】
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Humanities & Social Sciences / Clinical psychology
Papers 【 display / non-display 】
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Nonaka S., Takeda T., Ohashi T., Sakai M.
Journal of Psychiatric Research 198 218 - 223 2026.7
Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Journal of Psychiatric Research
AbstractAimHikikomori is a state of prolonged social isolation in which individuals remain at home and disengage from work, school, and other activities. This preliminary study investigated the correspondence between self-reported scores on the Hikikomori Functional Assessment Scale (HFAS) and independently collected interview-based ratings. Consistency was evaluated at two retrospectively defined time points: the participant-designated peak period of hikikomori (Peak) and the time of assessment (Current).MethodsA total of 16 participants (6 men and 10 women; mean age = 40.2 years) completed the HFAS and a semi-structured interview for both time points. Interviewers were masked to questionnaire responses. Data were analysed using Wilcoxon signed-rank tests and Kendall's τ correlations with Bayes factors.ResultsSocial negative reinforcement showed moderate to strong correspondence between methods at both time points (Peak: τ = 0.50, BF<inf>10</inf> = 8.9; Current: τ = 0.50, BF<inf>10</inf> = 8.6). Intrapersonal negative reinforcement indicated weak to moderate correlations and evidence at Peak (τ = 0.40, BF<inf>10</inf> = 3.0) but not at Current (τ = 0.07, BF<inf>10</inf> = 0.5). Intrapersonal positive reinforcement exhibited only anecdotal evidence of association at either time point (Peak: τ = 0.27, BF<inf>10</inf> = 1.1; Current: τ = 0.27, BF<inf>10</inf> = 1.0).ConclusionsThese findings provide preliminary support for the HFAS as a practical tool for identifying socially avoidant contingencies relevant to early intervention, underscoring the need for further research with larger, prospective samples.
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Shunsuke Nonaka, Tomoya Takeda, Hiroaki Kubo, Makoto Suda, Yuki Tanaka, Motohiro Sakai
Psychiatry Investigation 23 ( 3 ) 353 - 362 2026.3
Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Korean Neuropsychiatric Association
Objective University students are at a developmental stage in which they may be more vulnerable to experiencing hikikomori (prolonged social withdrawal). Therefore, we focused on this population and examined the relationship between the tendencies toward and affinity for hikikomori in two studies.Methods Study 1 examined the relationship between the tendencies toward and affinity for hikikomori among 300 university students recruited online. Study 2 examined how stress coping, social support, and the affinity for hikikomori can explain hikikomori tendencies for a sample of 364 university students recruited offline. Both studies used the Adaptive Behaviors Scale for Hikikomori and Affinity for Hikikomori Scale, while Study 2 also used the Social Support Questionnaire and Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced Inventory.Results In both studies, hierarchical multiple regressions indicated that, among the affinity components for hikikomori, a stronger desire for hikikomori was associated with higher hikikomori tendencies. Conversely, higher empathy for others with hikikomori was associated with lower hikikomori tendencies, contrary to the implicit assumptions. Higher social support, active coping skills, and the use of instrumental support explained lower hikikomori tendencies.Conclusion These findings suggest that individuals at potential risk of developing hikikomori may be better identified by considering environmental (e.g., social support), behavioral (e.g., coping with stress), and cognitive and affective (e.g., desire for hikikomori) variables. Notably, empathy for others with hikikomori may reflect general empathic traits rather than being specifically related to hikikomori. Future longitudinal research should identify any causal relationships.
Other Link： http://psychiatryinvestigation.org/journal/view.php?doi=10.30773/pi.2025.0220
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Shunsuke Nonaka, Tomoya Takeda, Motohiro Sakai
Journal of Affective Disorders 393 ( Pt A ) 120292 - 120292 2026.1
Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Elsevier BV
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Functional assessment of hikikomori behaviors: Functional types and psycho-behavioral factors Reviewed
Nonaka S., Takeda T., Sakai M.
Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry 88 102038 2025.9
Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry
Hikikomori is a condition of prolonged social withdrawal (at least six months) characterized by not working or attending school, not socializing outside one's home, and staying at home on most days except for solitary outings. Currently, there are no adequate tools for the assessment of individual differences in hikikomori functions. This study involved the development of the Hikikomori Functional Assessment Scale (HFAS), which quantitatively assesses the perceived functions of hikikomori. Three data samples were collected at different time periods and included 490 participants with hikikomori and 251 without hikikomori. An item pool was analyzed resulting in 17 items and three factors: intrapersonal-positive (pursuing activities and self-stimulatory behaviors), intrapersonal-negative (alleviating discomfort), and social-negative (avoiding social interactions) reinforcement. The HFAS showed good internal consistency reliability, moderate-to-good test-retest reliability, acceptable construct validity, and good criterion-related validity. Furthermore, social-negative reinforcement correlated positively with measures of depressive symptoms and subjective social functioning impairment and negatively with adaptive behavior and quality of life. Intrapersonal-negative reinforcement was weakly correlated with most of the related scales, and intrapersonal-positive reinforcement showed no significant correlations. Future studies are needed to confirm the consistency of functional assessment results with those of the HFAS, using behavioral observations by researchers and clinicians, and follow the changes in hikikomori functioning longitudinally.
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Shunsuke Nonaka, Hiroaki Kubo, Tomoya Takeda, Motohiro Sakai
International Journal of Social Psychiatry 207640241310189 2025
Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：SAGE Publications
Background:
Currently, paradoxical findings exist regarding the level of functioning in individuals with Hikikomori (prolonged social withdrawal).
Aims:
This systematic review aimed to clarify the functioning, disability, and health of individuals with Hikikomori and their families in comparison to those without Hikikomori.
Method:
Relevant studies were searched from April 22 to 25, 2022, using MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Scopus, and two Japanese databases. Functions were categorized into ‘body functions”; “structure”; and “activity and participation’, which were further classified into subcategories.
Results:
Of the 8,181 studies screened, 24 studies with 1,769 individuals with Hikikomori were included. Twelve, three, and four indicators from six studies on depression and anxiety, three on addiction, and two on thought problem symptoms, respectively, were higher in the Hikikomori group than in the comparison group, with at least moderate effect sizes. Three indicators from three studies on interpersonal relationships were worse in the Hikikomori group, with at least moderate effect sizes. The meta-analyses showed that internalizing symptoms, externalizing symptoms, and thought disorders were significantly higher in the Hikikomori group than those in the comparison group with moderate-to-high effect sizes. Contrastingly, communication/interpersonal interactions were significantly lower in the Hikikomori group than those in the comparison group. No significant differences were observed in daily life/social life and the families’ communication/interpersonal interactions and relationship.
Conclusions:
The study limitations include a high risk of bias and heterogeneity. Overall, individuals with Hikikomori often have impaired mental and interpersonal interaction functions; thus, comorbidities of this condition should be carefully assessed. PROSPERO: CRD42022320592.DOI： 10.1177/00207640241310189
Other Link： https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full-xml/10.1177/00207640241310189
Books 【 display / non-display 】
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福祉心理学
古村, 健, 丹羽, 健太郎, 下山, 真衣, 陶, 貴行, 森本, 浩志, 境, 泉洋（ Role： Joint editor）
講談社サイエンティフィク 2024.5
Language：Japanese Book type：Textbook, survey, introduction
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臨床行動療法テキスト : 子どものための新世代の行動療法
園田, 順一, 前田, 直樹, 境, 泉洋（ Role： Edit）
金剛出版 2024.4
Language：Japanese Book type：Scholarly book
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発達障害と青年期のひきこもり
境 泉洋（ Role： Contributor , CRAFTを応用した発達障害がある（疑われる）ひきこもり青年への家族支援）
金子書房 2023.6
Language：Japanese Book type：Scholarly book
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オンラインを活用したひきこもり支援の在り方に関する調査報告書
境 泉洋、野中俊介、尾之上麗、前川由貴子、KHJ全国ひきこもり家族会連合会（ Role： Joint author）
KHJ全国ひきこもり家族会連合会 2023.3
Language：Japanese Book type：Report
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現代の臨床心理学５ 臨床心理学と心の健康
境 泉洋（ Role： Contributor , ひきこもりの社会的支援）
東京大学出版会 2023.3
Language：Japanese Book type：Scholarly book
MISC 【 display / non-display 】
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Nonaka S., Kim J.Y., Kang R.N., Kim E.S., Kubo H., Takeda T., Kwak M.S., Kang M.G., Sakai M.
Asian Journal of Psychiatry 110 104570 2025.8
Language：English Publishing type：Rapid communication, short report, research note, etc. (scientific journal) Publisher：Asian Journal of Psychiatry
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ひきこもりから社会参加までをシームレスにつなぐ心理支援 Invited
境 泉洋
医学のあゆみ 293 ( 2 ) 2025.4
Authorship：Lead author Language：Japanese Publishing type：Article, review, commentary, editorial, etc. (trade magazine, newspaper, online media)
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ひとりで悩まないで誰かに話をしてみませんか Invited
境 泉洋
広報くしま ( 2025年1月号 ) 24 - 24 2025.1
Authorship：Lead author Language：Japanese
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ひきこもりを新たな人生の準備期間にするために
境 泉洋
市広報みやざき ( 974 ) 8 - 8 2024.12
Authorship：Lead author Language：Japanese
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ひきこもりきる生き方に伴走する支援 Invited
境 泉洋
「こころ」のための専門メディア 2023.11
Authorship：Lead author
Presentations 【 display / non-display 】
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Globalizing issue of Hikikomori: Various Psychopathology and Novel Intervention International conference
Takahiro A. Kato, Umberto Volpe, Tae Young Choi, Masaru Tateno, Motohiro Sakai
2025.9.25
Event date： 2025.9.25 - 2025.9.28
Language：English Presentation type：Symposium, workshop panel (public)
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メタバースという場は、不登校生徒にどのような変化をもたらすか
冨家 直明、広瀬 慎一、サトウ タツヤ、境 泉洋、冨岡 奈津代
日本心理学会第89回大会 2025.9.7
Event date： 2025.9.5 - 2025.9.7
Language：Japanese Presentation type：Symposium, workshop panel (public)
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医療と他領域の連携、協働について考えよう-福祉編-
境 泉洋, 巣黒 慎太郎, 東 健太郎, 澤田 梢, 金澤 潤一郎, 高橋 史
公認心理師の会 2024 年度 年次総会・研修会 2025.5.2
Event date： 2025.5.11 - 2025.5.12
Language：Japanese Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)
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ひきこもりについて様々な視点から考える～当事者、支援者、支援者支援～ Invited
境 泉洋，佐藤まゆみ，菊池まゆみ，福井里江
第４回日本公認心理師学会学術集会千葉大会 2024.12.15
Event date： 2024.12.15
Language：Japanese Presentation type：Symposium, workshop panel (nominated)
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福祉分野における行動科学的支援の導入にむけて
福留 尚典, 西中 宏吏, 辻田 真凜, 黒田 翔子, 境 泉洋, 石川 律，嶋田 洋徳
日本健康心理学会大会発表論文集 2024.11.24 一般社団法人 日本健康心理学会
Event date： 2024.11.23 - 2024.11.24
Language：Japanese Presentation type：Symposium, workshop panel (public)
Awards 【 display / non-display 】
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本明賞
2018 日本健康心理学会
野中俊介・嶋田洋徳・境 泉洋
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内山記念賞
2016.10 日本認知・行動療法学会
境 泉洋
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徳島大学共通教育賞
2015.8 徳島大学
境 泉洋
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康楽賞
2015.1 公益財団法人康楽会
境 泉洋
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学会奨励賞
2014.3 日本カウンセリング学会
境 泉洋
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research 【 display / non-display 】
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ひきこもりから社会参加までをシームレス化するコミュニティワイド認知行動療法の開発
Grant number：25H01086 2025.04 - 2030.03
独立行政法人日本学術振興会 科学研究費補助金 基盤研究(A)
Authorship：Principal investigator
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ひきこもり支援のためのコミュニティワイド認知行動療法（CWCBT-H）の開発
Grant number：23K20772 2024.04 - 2025.03
独立行政法人日本学術振興会 科学研究費基金 基盤研究(B)
Authorship：Principal investigator
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ひきこもり生物心理社会的病態理解に基づく多元的な支援法開発
Grant number：22H00494 2022.04 - 2026.03
独立行政法人日本学術振興会 科学研究費補助金 基盤研究(A)
Authorship：Coinvestigator(s)
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iCT-SADを統合した「ひきこもり支援のためのコミュニティワイド認知行動療法」の開発
Grant number：22KK0192 2022.04 - 2026.03
独立行政法人日本学術振興会 科学研究費基金 国際共同研究加速基金(国際共同研究強化(A))
Authorship：Principal investigator
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ひきこもり支援のためのコミュニティワイド認知行動療法（CWCBT-H）の開発
Grant number：21H00951 2021.04 - 2024.03
独立行政法人日本学術振興会 科学研究費補助金 基盤研究(B)
Authorship：Principal investigator