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Affiliation |
Faculty of Medicine School of Medicine Department of Social Medicine, Legal Medicine |
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Professor |
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YUKAWA Nobuhiro
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Degree 【 display / non-display 】
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博士（医学） ( 1992.11 宮崎医科大学 )
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医学士 ( 1985.3 宮崎医科大学 )
Research Areas 【 display / non-display 】
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Life Science / Forensics medicine
Papers 【 display / non-display 】
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Postmortem computed tomography of barium peritonitis due to descending colon perforation Reviewed
Shinkawa N., Yanagita M., Yukawa N., Nagatomo T.
Radiology Case Reports 19 ( 5 ) 2008 - 2012 2024.5
Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Radiology Case Reports
We describe herein the findings from postmortem computed tomography (PMCT) of barium peritonitis due to descending colon perforation. The patient was a woman in her 60s who underwent upper gastrointestinal series with barium swallow for the purpose of physical examination. The patient developed abdominal pain the next day and visited a clinic, but was sent home for later follow-up. She was found dead at home 8 days after upper gastrointestinal series. Based on the corpse phenomena and police investigations of the scene of death, the patient was estimated to have died 6 days after the upper gastrointestinal series. PMCT revealed free gas within the peritoneal cavity. Barium and fat stranding were also observed around a diverticulum in the descending colon. A large amount of residual barium was seen in the ascending colon and was considered to represent antemortem constipation and delayed barium excretion. No gas was detected in the abdominal wall, cardiac chambers or hepatic vasculature. The pancreas and adrenal glands had a normal appearance. We diagnosed barium peritonitis due to descending colon perforation as the cause of death. Diverticular perforation was suspected because barium retention and fat stranding were particularly noticeable around the descending colon diverticulum. In conclusion, we have presented a rare case of postmortem diagnosis of barium peritonitis. In PMCT interpretation, distinguishing between ante- and postmortem intestinal perforations is important.
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Postmortem computed tomography of barium peritonitis due to descending colon perforation Reviewed
新川 慶明, 湯川 修弘, 長友 達寛
Radiology Case Reports 19 ( 5 ) 2008 - 2012 2024
Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Elsevier
We describe herein the findings from postmortem computed tomography (PMCT) of barium peritonitis due to descending colon perforation. The patient was a woman in her 60s who underwent upper gastrointestinal series with barium swallow for the purpose of physical examination. The patient developed abdominal pain the next day and visited a clinic, but was sent home for later follow-up. She was found dead at home 8 days after upper gastrointestinal series. Based on the corpse phenomena and police investigations of the scene of death, the patient was estimated to have died 6 days after the upper gastrointestinal series. PMCT revealed free gas within the peritoneal cavity. Barium and fat stranding were also observed around a diverticulum in the descending colon. A large amount of residual barium was seen in the ascending colon and was considered to represent antemortem constipation and delayed barium excretion. No gas was detected in the abdominal wall, cardiac chambers or hepatic vasculature. The pancreas and adrenal glands had a normal appearance. We diagnosed barium peritonitis due to descending colon perforation as the cause of death. Diverticular perforation was suspected because barium retention and fat stranding were particularly noticeable around the descending colon diverticulum. In conclusion, we have presented a rare case of postmortem diagnosis of barium peritonitis. In PMCT interpretation, distinguishing between ante- and postmortem intestinal perforations is important.
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Otatsume M, Shinkawa N, Tachibana M, Kuroki H, Ro A, Sonoda A, Kakizaki E, Yukawa N
Journal of forensic and legal medicine 101 102634 2023.12
Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine
In forensic cases for which the time of death is unknown, several methods are used to estimate the postmortem interval. The quotient (Q) defined as the difference between the rectal and ambient temperature (Tr − Ta) divided by the initial difference (T0 − Ta) represents the progress of postmortem cooling: Q = (Tr − Ta)/(T0 − Ta), (1 ≥ Q ≥ 0). Henssge was able to show that with the body weight and its empirical corrective factor, Q can be reasonably predicted as a double exponential decay function of time (Qp(t)). On the other hand, actual Q is determined as Qd by measuring Tr and Ta under an assumption of T0 = 37.2 °C. Then, the t value at which Qp(t) is equal to Qd (Qd=Qp(t)) would be a good estimate of the postmortem interval (the Henssge equation). Since the equation cannot be solved analytically, it has been solved using a pair of nomograms devised by Henssge. With greater access to computers and spreadsheet software, computational methods based on the input of actual parameters of the case can be more easily utilized. In this technical note, we describe two types of Excel spreadsheets to solve the equation numerically. In one type, a fairly accurate solution was obtained by iteration using an add-in program Solver. In the other type (forward calculation), a series of Qp(t) was generated at a time interval of 0.05 h and the t value at which Qp(t) was nearest to Qd was selected as an approximate solution using a built-in function, XLOOKUP. Alternatively, a series of absolute values of the difference between Qd and Qp(t) (|Dq(t)| = |Qd − Qp(t)|) was generated with time interval 0.1 h and the t value that produces the minimum |Dq(t)| was selected. These Excel spreadsheets are available as Supplementary Files.
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Sonoda A., Shinkawa N., Kakizaki E., Yukawa N.
Forensic Science International: Reports 8 2023.12
Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Forensic Science International: Reports
This autopsy case involved a woman in her 60 s with a history of temporal tracheostomy. During an event in which her son allegedly experienced an epileptic seizure, he grasped the woman around the upper chest for several moments. The woman then experienced breathing difficulties, lost consciousness and died. Postmortem computed tomography revealed a pinhole-like tracheal narrowing at the level of the tracheostomy encircled by the thyroid. Autopsy revealed a modestly enlarged thyroid gland due to previously undiagnosed Hashimoto's disease and an old fracture in a tracheal ring indicating that the trachea had been compressed by the thyroid. Hashimoto's disease rarely causes sudden death through systemic endocrine disturbance, but this case may illustrate that against a background of previous tracheostomy that mechanically weakens the trachea, enlargement of the thyroid (goiter) as a local effect of the disease can also cause sudden death.
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Shinkawa N., Marukawa M., Wada K., Yukawa N.
Legal Medicine 64 102278 2023.9
Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Legal Medicine
The Acetaminophen Detection Kit® (Kanto Chemical Company Co. Inc., Tokyo, Japan) is a colorimetric test based on an indophenol reaction. The test involves three reactions: deproteination of the sample, hydrolysis of acetaminophen to yield p-aminophenol, and coupling p-aminophenol with a derivative of phenol in alkali conditions to form a blue-colored indophenol dye. The kit was devised to accomplish these three reactions with only two reagents, allowing the prompt diagnosis of acetaminophen overdose in emergency medicine. In the user instructions included with the kit and in reports introducing the kit, the chemical composition of the two reagents was not disclosed. Details about the composition can be found in the Safety Data Sheet from the manufacturer; however, there is little explanation about the principle (mechanism) of the coupling reaction. This lack of information appears to have hampered the use of this kit in forensic medicine. In this report, we conducted the coupling reaction by successively adding the two reagents to a p-aminophenol (intermediate molecule) solution with the reaction vessel open to the air and under an anaerobic condition. Development of the blue color was inhibited in the absence of air but gradually developed when the reaction vessel was opened to air. Thus, the coupling reaction is an oxidation–reduction (redox) reaction that requires molecular oxygen (O2) dissolved from the air to act as an oxidant. This finding corroborates statements in previous reports and will hopefully facilitate the use of the kit for forensic purposes.
Books 【 display / non-display 】
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Esentials of Autopsy Practice. Vol. 5 Innovations, Updates and Advances in Practice. 分担章の題名: Diatom and Laboratory Tests to Support a Conclusion of Death by Drowning.（共著）
Yukawa N, Kakizaki E, Kozawa S（ Role： Joint author , 内容に係わる解剖をし、執筆した。）
Springer-Verlag (London) 2012.10
Language：English Book type：Scholarly book
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Mitochondrial analysis in forensic science. In Rapley R, Whitehouse D, ediotrs.
Matsuda H, Yukawa N.（ Role： Joint author , 14）
John Weiley & Sons, Ltd 2007.4
Language：English Book type：Scholarly book
MISC 【 display / non-display 】
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Yukawa N., Koppenol W.H., Kakizaki E., Sinkawa N., Sonoda A.
Legal Medicine 68 102420 2024.5
Language：English Publishing type：Rapid communication, short report, research note, etc. (scientific journal) Publisher：Legal Medicine
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特集 次世代シーケンサーが可能にした感染学の新しい展開 Invited
柿崎英二,湯川修弘
化学療法の領域 2017.6
Language：Japanese Publishing type：Article, review, commentary, editorial, etc. (scientific journal)
Presentations 【 display / non-display 】
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Degree of reduction を用いたアルコール代謝の法医学教育
湯川修弘、新川慶明、林 里采、園田 愛、柿崎英二
第70回日本法医学会学術九州地方集会
Event date： 2020.10.16 - 2020.10.17
Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)
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血液水溶液への可視光照射によるルミノール反応の加速効果
林 里采，白上 努，柿崎英二，新川慶明，園田 愛，湯川修弘
第69回日本法医学会学術九州地方集会
Event date： 2019.10.25 - 2019.10.26
Language：Japanese Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)
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ボタン電池の誤飲や嵌頓において，低電圧1.5 Vの電池でも組織傷害性のアルカリが生成される理由について
新川慶明，柿崎英二，林 里采，園田 愛，湯川修弘
第68回日本法医学会学術九州地方集会
Event date： 2018.10.19 - 2018.10.20
Language：Japanese Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)
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右手に笹の葉を固く握った状態で発見され即時性死体硬直と思われた溺死の一解剖例
湯川修弘、新川慶明、柿崎英二、園田 愛、林 里采、小片 守
第68回日本法医学会学術九州地方集会
Event date： 2018.10.19 - 2018.10.20
Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research 【 display / non-display 】
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溺死診断におけるプランクトン検査の意義：既成概念の大幅な変革に挑戦する
Grant number：22K19675 2022.04 - 2025.03
独立行政法人日本学術振興会 科学研究費補助金 挑戦的研究(萌芽)
園田 愛、
Authorship：Coinvestigator(s)
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最も少ない労力で行える溺死の補助診断検査：法医実務に合わせた最も効果的な活用法
Grant number：21H03215 2021.04 - 2024.03
独立行政法人日本学術振興会 科学研究費補助金 基盤研究(B)
Authorship：Principal investigator
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溺死の診断のためのLAMP法を用いた簡易迅速スクリーニング検査法の開発
Grant number：25460871 2013.04 - 2016.03
科学研究費補助金 基盤研究(C)
Authorship：Coinvestigator(s)
溺死の診断のためのLAMP法を用いた簡易迅速スクリーニング検査法の開発
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溺死体の血液及び諸臓器中に存在する水棲微生物のメタゲノム解析
Grant number：25293163 2013.04 - 2016.03
科学研究費補助金 基盤研究(B)
Authorship：Principal investigator
溺死体の血液及び諸臓器中に存在する水棲微生物のメタゲノム解析
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高度に腐乱した水中死体でも溺死の推定が行える検査法の開発
Grant number：20590682 2008.04 - 2011.03
科学研究費補助金 基盤研究(C)
Authorship：Principal investigator
高度に腐乱した水中死体でも溺死の推定が行える検査法の開発
Available Technology 【 display / non-display 】
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教科書・文献のアルコールや中毒に関する化学反応式の点検
酸化数によらないアルコールやグルコースの代謝経路の俯瞰的理解
アセトアミノフェンの毒性機序についての再検討Home Page： 宮崎大学医学部医学科社会医学講座法医学分野
Related fields where technical consultation is available：大学教養課程レベルでの解糖やクエン酸回路など主要代謝経路の説明の仕方についてのアドバイス
Message：ライフサイエンス ボタン型電池の誤飲や鼻腔への嵌頓は小児や高齢者の緊急事態です。私たちは障がい機序（強アルカリ生成）と治療法についてインビトロの小実験と物理化学的な考察から理解を深めたいと思っています。