Papers - SUZUKI Yoshihiro
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高効率生産と負荷削減を目指した閉鎖循環式養殖システムの開発 Reviewed
鈴木祥広，丸山俊朗，谷口博紀，亀谷卓司，吉田照豊
用水と廃水 46 ( 9 ) 48 - 58 2004.9
Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)
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閉鎖循環式高密度魚類養殖のための泡沫分離・硝化脱窒システムの開発
丸山 俊朗, 鈴木 祥広
水環境学会誌 = Journal of Japan Society on Water Environment 27 ( 8 ) 2004.8
Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)
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界面活性タンパク質を用いた泡沫分離法による海水からの細菌除去
鈴木 祥広, 花ヶ崎 宣昌, 吉田 照豊, 丸山 俊朗
環境工学研究論文集 41 147 - 153 2004
Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Japan Society of Civil Engineers
The removal of bacteria from rearing seawater of fish or using seawater in fishing port is important from the viewpoint of the reduction of infection risk and hygienics of public health. It is necessary to develop seawater purification technology for the improvement of hygienic conditions on the coastal environment. In this study, the removal of suspended bacteria <I>Enterococcus faecalis</I> from seawater by foam separation using several kinds of surface-active proteins as a chemical agent was examined. The removal efficiency of enterococcus was extremely low by foam separation using each protein without coagulation, because these surface-active materials did not function as a collector. When processing by foam separation with coagulation as a pretreatment, however, proteins such as milk casein and fish mucus showed the greatest capability of suspended bacteria. For treatment of seawater containing enterococcus (10<SUP>7</SUP>CFU/mL), the removal efficiency of counts number was over 99% with the small dosages of iron coagulant (FeCl<SUB>3</SUB>) lmg-Fe/L and casein lmg/L. Foam separation using surface-active protein with coagulation process has a high potential as a new method for removing bacteria from seawater.
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Suzuki Y., Maruyama T., Numata H., Sato H., Asakawa M.
Aquacultural Engineering 29 ( 3-4 ) 165 - 182 2003.12
Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Aquacultural Engineering
The development of a closed recirculating aquaculture system that does not discharge effluents would reduce a large amount of pollutant load on aquatic bodies. In this study, eel were reared in a closed recirculating system, which consisted of a rearing tank, a foam separation unit, a nitrification unit and a denitrification unit. The foam separation unit has an inhalation-type aerator and supplies air bubbles to the rearing water. The growth of eel, which were fed a commercial diet, was satisfactory, with gross weight increases of up three times in 3 months. The survival rate under the congested experimental conditions was 91%. The foam separation unit maintained oxygen saturation in the rearing water at about 80%. Furthermore, fine colloidal substances were absorbed on the stable foam formed from eel mucus and were removed from the rearing water by foam separation. Ammonia oxidation and the removal of suspended solids were accomplished rapidly and simultaneously in the nitrification unit. The ammonia concentration and turbidity were kept at less than 1.2 mg of N per litre and 2.5 units, respectively. When the denitrification process was operated, nitrate that accumulated in the rearing water (151 mg of N per litre) was reduced to 40 mg of N per litre. The sludge was easily recovered from the nitrification and denitrification tanks, and the components were found suitable as compost. Based on these results, the intensive aquaculture of freshwater fish such as eel can be achieved using a closed recirculating system without emission. © 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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SUZUKI Yoshihiro, MARUYAMA Toshiroh
Journal of Japan Society on Water Environment 26 ( 11 ) 757 - 763 2003.11
Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Japan Society on Water Environment
If it is possible to develop an efficient process of removing estrogens from wastewater during sewage treatment, the load of endocrine disrupting chemicals in the water environment could be greatly reduced. In this study, the removal of estrogens from municipal wastewater by coagulation and foam separation using coagulant and milk casein was examined. The ELISA method was used to measure the efficiency of estrogen removal. In the conventional foam separation method, the removal efficiency of suspended solids was very high. However, most of the estrogen remained in the treated water since approximately 95% of the total estrogen in wastewater was in the dissolved fraction, while the amount of estrogens in the solid fraction was extremely small. Therefore, the removal of dissolved estrogen was difficult using the conventional foam separation process for removing solids. The addition of powdered activated carbon was examined as a pretreatment process. The adsorption efficiency of estrogen to activated carbon was markedly higher than that of other soluble fractions such as E260 (ultraviolet absorbance at 260 nm), chromaticity, and dissolved organic carbon in wastewater. With the addition of powdered activated carbon, both suspended solids and estrogen could be removed by coagulation and foam separation. The removal efficiencies of turbidity and estrogen were 99% and 94%, respectively, under the following dosage conditions: activated carbon, 50mg·l-1 ; ferric coagulant, 30mg-Fe·l-1 ; and casein, 50mg·l-1.
DOI： 10.2965/jswe.26.757
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Monitoring of Estrogens in Urban Effluents and in the Receiving River Water Reviewed
SUZUKI Yoshihiro, TAIRA Hiroyasu, MASUDA Sumio, TAKAHASHI Nobuyuki, MITSUYAMA Munehito, SHIMOTSU Yoshihiro, MARUYAMA Toshiroh
Journal of Japan Society on Water Environment 26 ( 11 ) 791 - 795 2003.11
Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Japan Society on Water Environment
Very few investigations of the concentrations of estrogens in the effluents of urban drainage systems and in the receiving river water in areas with few constructed sewerage systems have been conducted. In this study, the concentrations of estrogens in the effluents of an urban drainage system and an onsite wastewater treatment plant, and in the receiving river were monitored for six months. The concentrations of estrogens and 17β-estradiol (E2) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Most estrogens were present in the dissolved fraction of the effluents and the river water. E2, which exists in natural waters according to many reports, accounted for 24% of the estrogens and has concentrations of 4.7±3.0 ng·l-1 (n=6) and 8.6±5.8ng·l-1 (n=6) in the effluents of the urban drainage system and the onsite wastewater treatment plant, respectively. The concentrations of estrogens and E2 in the receiving river water were two to three times higher than upstream levels. In addition, the concentrations of ammonium and estrogens showed a very high correlation (r=0.986) in all samples, suggesting that the increase in the concentrations of estrogens in the receiving river water was due to the presence of human excrement in the urban drainage system.
DOI： 10.2965/jswe.26.791
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沿岸環境調査におけるCOD測定法の比較 Reviewed
鈴木祥広，菊池隆彦，丸山俊朗
用水と廃水 45 ( 11 ) 62 - 69 2003.11
Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)
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Removal of Suspended Solids by Coagulation and Foam Separation Using Coagulant and Milk Casein
MARUYAMA Toshro, SUZUKI Yoshihiro
Kagaku k(0xFADE)gaku 67 ( 3 ) 147 - 149 2003.3
Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)
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Removal of suspended substances by coagulation and foam separation from municipal wastewater Reviewed
Suzuki Y., Maruyama T., Tegane H., Goto T.
Water Science and Technology 46 ( 11-12 ) 183 - 188 2002.12
Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Water Science and Technology
A new method for solid-liquid separation for wastewater incorporating simple operation and shortened treatment time is necessary for improvement of sewage systems. In this study, removal of suspended solids from municipal wastewater by coagulation and foam separation using coagulant and milk casein was examined. By adding casein before the foam separation process, the removal of suspended substances was dramatically improved. The optimum condition for treating sewage was 20 mg-Fe/L of FeCl 3 , 3 mg/L of casein, and pH 5.5, which resulted in a removal rates of over 98% for turbidity and SS. A removal of 96-98% was also possible for phosphate and anionic surfactant. When PAC was used, the floc was also efficiently recovered in foam by the addition of casein. It became clear that coagulation and foam separation using casein as the collector is an effective method for removing suspended solids in municipal wastewater in a short time (within 10 min).
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酸性重金属廃水の処理における中和沈殿法とゼオライト吸着法の比較 Reviewed
鈴木祥広，淀川育美，亀谷卓司，丸山俊朗，中澤隆雄，湊敬文
環境工学研究論文集 39 485 - 493 2002.11
Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)
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SUZUKI Yoshihiro, MARUYAMA Toshiroh
Japan journal of water pollution research 25 ( 8 ) 477 - 483 2002.8
Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Japan Society on Water Environment
Using milk casein and several kinds of surfactants as chemical agents, removal of suspended solids by coagulation and foam separation with dispersed air was examined. Casein functioned both as a collector and a frother, and coagulating flocs were almost perfectly recovered in foam generated from the liquid. Although oleic acid of anionic surfactant functioned as a collector, the removal efficiency of suspended solids was lower than that of casein. In contrast, cationic, amphoteric, and nonionic surfactants did not function act as collectors. It was clarified that casein had a much greater capacity for producing the hydrophobic interface of flocs than the surfactants used. However, all of the surfactants could also be utilized as frothers for recovering the hydrophobic flocs with casein.<br>For municipal wastewater treatment, a very high removal efficiency was obtained with a small amount of casein (3mg·<i>l</i><sup>-1</sup>), because detergent contained in the wastewater functioned as a frother. In this method using casein, detergent is one of the object substances in wastewater. It is utilized as a foaming agent and is removed with foam.
DOI： 10.2965/jswe.25.477
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Removal of suspended solids by coagulation and foam separation using surface-active protein
Suzuki Y., Maruyama T.
Water Research 36 ( 9 ) 2195 - 2204 2002.5
Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Water Research
By using several kinds of surface-active proteins as a chemical agent that combined collector with frother, removal of suspended substances by coagulation and foam separation with dispersed air was examined. Milk casein showed the greatest capability of suspension removal, and coagulating flocs formed by clay particles and iron hydroxide were almost perfectly recovered in foam generated from the liquid, even in the case of freshwater and seawater suspension at neutral pH. In contrast, the removal efficiency was extremely low using sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). Casein had a much greater capability for removing solids than SDS as a result of the high adsorptive activity of casein on the floc. For municipal wastewater treatment, the removal efficiency of turbidity and suspended solids was over 98% with the condition of iron coagulant (FeCl 3 ) 20mg-Fe/L and casein 3mg/L and pH 5-6. Moreover, this method proved to be an effective treatment for polluted saline water (salinity 1.5%), and the suspended solids were almost perfectly recovered in foam. Here, we show a new method for quickly removing (within 7min) suspended solids from polluted wastewater utilizing casein and bubbles. © 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
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Removal of Algae by Coagulation and Foam Separation using Polyaluminum Chloride and Milk Casein Reviewed
SUZUKI Yoshihiro, MARUYAMA Toshiroh, KAWAZOE Satoshi
Japan journal of water pollution research 25 ( 5 ) 297 - 302 2002.5
Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Japan Society on Water Environment
Coagulation foam separation with dispersed air using milk casein as a collector and a frother is an effective method to remove suspended substances in water. Harmful algae, which proliferate as outbreaks in many lakes and ponds, are considered suspended organic substances. Hence, the applicability of this method for algal removal is promising. In this study, removal of algae by coagulation and foam using polyaluminum chloride (PAC) and casein was examined.<br>Highly effective processing was achieved within 10 min by adjusting pH and dosages of PAC and casein. The most important consideration in the foam separation process is adding the proper amount of casein, which functions as both collector and frother. The removal efficiency of <i>Microcystis aeruginosa</i>, <i>Selenastram capriornutum</i>, and <i>Chlorella pyreniodosa</i> was over 97% when PAC and casein were added at a dosage of 3 mg-Al·<i>l</i><sup>-1</sup> and 15 mg·<i>l</i><sup>-1</sup>, respectively at pH 7-8. The percentage of liquid volume of collapsed foam in the total amount of algal suspension was about 2%. Approximately 100% of the added PAC and casein were recovered from the treated water. These results prove that this novel method has a high efficiency and applicability in removing algae from aquatic blooms.
DOI： 10.2965/jswe.25.297
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SUZUKI Yoshihiro, MARUYAMA Toshiroh
Japan journal of water pollution research 25 ( 3 ) 163 - 169 2002.3
Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Japan Society on Water Environment
In coagulation and foam separation method using protein (casein or gelatin), the effect of saline on removal of suspended matters was examined. When casein was used as collector and frother, the extremely high treatability for kaolin suspension contained NaCl (10,000mg·<i>l</i><sup>-1</sup>) was observed. The turbidity removal efficiency was over 99% by using cassein. In comparison with NaCl free kaolin suspension, the optimum dosage of casein decreased in about 1/3. In contrast, the treatment remarkably lowered using gelatin with NaCl. Adsorptions of casein on suspended particles such as kaolin, Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, and graphite, were increased under NaCl coexistence, however, gelatin adsorption remarkably decreased. It was proven that the adsorption of protein on the suspended particle was the important factor that controls the treatment of this method. Coagulation and foam separation using casein showed the high applicability for not only general sewage but also high saline wastewater. In the condition of ferric coagulant 20mg-Fe·<i>l</i><sup>-1</sup>, casein 2-3 mg·<i>l</i><sup>-1</sup>, pH 5.6-5.7, 98-99% removal rates were obtained. Furthermore, this method was very effective for removal of suspended solids from estuarine saline water.
DOI： 10.2965/jswe.25.163
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凝集・泡沫分離法による高塩分濃度濁水の処理 Reviewed
鈴木祥広，丸山俊朗
水環境学会誌 25 ( 3 ) 163 - 169 2002.3
Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)
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Toxicity Evaluation of Disinfected Sewage Effluents using the Algal Growth Inhibition Assay. Reviewed
SUZUKI Yoshihiro, MORISHITA Reiko, TAKAMI Tohru, MARUYAMA Toshiroh
JEC 12 ( 1 ) 97 - 103 2002.3
Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Japan Society for Environmental Chemistry
Chlorine-disinfected sewage effluent poses a risk to aquatic organisms, prompting the need for an innocuous alternative disinfection method. In this study, the toxicity of secondary effluent disinfected with chlorine, chlorine dioxide, ozone and UV irradiation was evaluated by the algal growth test using the green alga <I>Selenastrum capricornutum</I>. Algal growth was significantly inhibited in test media containing 10% chlorinated water. In the chlorination process, about 50% of chlorine remained in the disinfected water as oxidant, while about 80% of residual oxidant was monochloramine (NH<SUB>2</SUB>Cl) . NH<SUB>2</SUB>Cl is the most toxic substance that inhibits algal growth in chlorinated sewage effluent. On the other hand, chlorine dioxide and ozone disinfection apparently did not inhibit algal growth, but the possibility of chlorophyll biosynthesis inhibition was indicated. Effluent dechlorinated with sodium sulfite, which removes residual oxidants such as NH<SUB>2</SUB>Cl, did not inhibit algal growth. Our results have shown that the algal toxicity of the disinfection methods follows this order: chlorine >> chlorine dioxide > ozone. In contrast, UV-irradiated effluent did not harm the algae. This shows that UV irradiation, which is harmless to aquatic organisms, is adequate enough for disinfecting treated sewage effluent.
DOI： 10.5985/jec.12.97
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SUZUKI Yoshihiro, YODOGAWA Ikumi, KAMETANI Takuji, MARUYAMA Toshiroh, NAKAZAWA Takao, MINATO Takafumi
Doboku Gakkai Ronbunshuu G 39 485 - 493 2002
Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Japan Society of Civil Engineers
Neutralizing precipitation and adsorption using zeolite as an adsorbent are examined and compared as methods for removing heavy metals from acid mine drainage and acid industrial wastewater. Both methods produced effluent satisfying standard pollutant levels from synthetic mine drainage (pH 2, Cd<SUP>2+</SUP> 5 mg/L, Cu<SUP>2+</SUP> 50 mg/L, Zn<SUP>2+</SUP> 300 mg/L, Al<SUP>3+</SUP> 300 mg/L, Fe<SUP>2+</SUP> 1000 mg/L). However, neutralization produced almost twice as much sediment as zeolite adsorption. In the processing of synthetic acid industry wastewater (pH 2, Cr<SUP>3+</SUP> 50 mg/L, Cd<SUP>2+</SUP> 50 mg/L, Cu<SUP>2+</SUP> 50 mg/L, Ni<SUP>2+</SUP> 100 mg/L, Zn<SUP>2+</SUP> 100 mg/L), all heavy metals in the precipitation-treated effluent except for Cd were below the standard level at pH 9-10, whereas all metals were reduced to below the standard with the addition of 40-60g/L of zeolite. The simple process of adding zeolite as an adsorbent simultaneously neutralizes and removes heavy metals from acid drainage. Zeolite, derived relatively cheaply from fly ash, therefore appears to be a highly suitable absorbent for the removal of heavy metals from acid drainage, and is expected to become highly cost-effective tool if a method for the regeneration of spent zeolite can be developed.
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SUZUKI Yoshihiro, MARUYAMA Toshiroh
Japan journal of water pollution research 24 ( 5 ) 317 - 324 2001.5
Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Japan Society on Water Environment
Foam separation using a coagulant (iron or aluminum) and milk casein is effective for removing suspended matter such as kaolin particles, suspended solids in wastewater, and phytoplankton. However, the function of casein in this separation is unclear. In this study, to clarify the role of casein in coagulation and foam separation, the characteristics of casein adsorption onto flocs that were made up of kaolin and Fe(OH)<sub>3</sub> and the removal of suspended substances by the separation were investigated.<br>Both of adsorbing casein onto the flocs as a collector and remaining casein in the solution as a frother were necessary in order to obtain the high removal rate (above 90%). The optimum pH range was 6.8-7.6. The required amount of adsorbing casein onto the flocs was 0.5g-casein/g-Fe. To obtain more than 90% turbidity removal from the suspended solution of kaolin (200mg·<i>l</i><sup>-1</sup>), greater than 5mg·<i>l</i><sup>-1</sup> of residual casein with 10mg-Fe·<i>l</i><sup>-1</sup> of coagulant dosage was needed. The amounts of adsorbing casein and the concentration of residual casein were estimated from the adsorption rate of casein. The suitable dosage of casein and the mixing time for the foam separation were determined by the adsorption rate.
DOI： 10.2965/jswe.24.317
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MARUYAMA Toshiroh, SUZUKI Yoshihiro, SAKAZOE Satoshi, CHUGANJI Nobuaki, DOTE Yutaka
Japan journal of water pollution research 24 ( 3 ) 159 - 167 2001.3
Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal) Publisher：Japan Society on Water Environment
To clarify the treatability of kaolin suspension by coagulation and foam separation method using poly aluminum chloride (PAC) and milk casein (casein), the characteristics of pH, dosage of PAC and casein, operating conditions such as foam separation time and air flow rate, and effects of alkalinity were examined. The results obtained by this study can be summarized as follows.<br>(1) The conditions to treat the sample of 200mg·<i>l</i><sup>-1</sup> kaolin suspension containing 50mg·<i>l</i><sup>-1</sup> of NaHCO<sub>3</sub> to under 2 turbidity units were obtained to be pH8.5-10, PAC 10mg-Al·<i>l</i><sup>-1</sup>, casein 15mg·<i>l</i><sup>-1</sup>, foam separation time of 5min, air flow rate of 0.2<i>l</i>·min<sup>-1</sup>.<br>(2) The sample of 50-1,000mg·<i>l</i><sup>-1</sup> kaolin suspension can be treated to under 2 turbidity units by controlling the dosages of PAC and casein.<br>(3) The requirement amount of casein was considered to be the sum of a portion of adsorbing onto the flocs as a collector and another portion of residual as a frother to remove flocs by coagulation and foam separation.<br>(4) Optimum pH range expanded to neutral side with NaHCO<sub>3</sub> dosage increased. Optimum pH range for 200mg·<i>l</i><sup>-1</sup> kaolin suspension changed from 8.5-10 at 50mg-NaHCO<sub>3</sub>·<i>l</i><sup>-1</sup> to 7-10 at 150mg-NaHCO<sub>3</sub>·<i>l</i><sup>-1</sup>.<br>(5) Optimum pH range was 6.5-9 for 200mg·<i>l</i><sup>-1</sup> kaolin suspension of tap-water.<br>From these results, it was clarified that the coagulation and foam separation using PAC and casein was very effective to remove suspended matters such as kaokin particles.
DOI： 10.2965/jswe.24.159
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凝集・泡沫分離法に適したタンパク質の懸濁粒子への吸着特性 Reviewed
鈴木祥広，丸山俊朗
環境工学研究論文集 37 237 - 245 2000.11
Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)